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Now showing items 11-20 of 71
Greenlandic ice archives of North Atlantic Common Era climate
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019)
The Common Era (A.D. 1- present) represents a crucial period for climatic studies, documenting the timespan over which human activities have become an increasingly domineering force in shaping Earth's landscape, climate, ...
The centennial and millennial variability of the IndoPacific warm pool and the Indonesian Throughflow
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012)
As the only low-latitude connection between ocean basins, the Indonesian Throughflow allows the direct transmission of heat and salinity between the Pacific and Indian Oceans. Despite its potential importance, the role of ...
Experimental studies of melting and crystallization processes in planetary interiors
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011)
Melting and crystallization processes on the Earth and Moon are explored in this thesis, and the topics of melt generation, transport, and crystallization are discussed in three distinct geologic environments: the Moon's ...
Lipid biomarkers of coral stress : calibration and exploration
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011)
Corals are increasingly threatened by warming sea surface temperatures and other anthropogenic changes. The delicate symbiosis between corals and their algal endosymbionts (zooxanthellae) is easily disrupted by thermal ...
Geomicrobiology of nitrogen in a coastal aquifer : isotopic and molecular methods to examine nitrification and denitrification in groundwater
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010)
Excess nitrogen input is deleterious to coastal waters, resulting in deterioration of the water quality, increases in harmful algal blooms and disease in commercial fish stocks. A significant portion of this nitrogen enters ...
The geochemistry of methane isotopologues
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017)
This thesis documents the origin, distribution, and fate of methane and several of its isotopic forms on Earth. Using observational, experimental, and theoretical approaches, I illustrate how the relative abundances of ...
A scientific framework for evaluating coral reef resilience to climate change
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016)
The 21st century warming and acidification of tropical oceans will impact the structure and function of coral reef ecosystems. Consequently, conservation efforts are increasingly focused on identifying and protecting reef ...
Seismic and numerical constraints on the formation and evolution of ocean lithosphere
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019)
This thesis explicates aspects of the basic structure of oceanic lithosphere that are shaped by the processes that form the lithosphere. The strength of lithospheric plates relative to the underlying mantle enables the ...
Abyssal mixing from bottom boundary effects in Mid-Atlantic Ridge flank canyons
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010)
This paper begins to explore a previously neglected mechanism for abyssal ocean mixing using bottom boundary layer dynamics. Abyssal mixing and the associated upward buoyancy fluxes are necessary to balance the sinking of ...
Plan-view evolution of wave-dominated deltas
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016)
Ocean waves are a powerful sediment transport mechanism in the coastal zone. This thesis investigates how waves shape deltaic landforms and how small scale river mouth processes affect large-scale delta morphology. I have ...