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Now showing items 11-20 of 71
The mineralogy and chemistry of modern shallow-water and deep-sea corals
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019)
The architecture of coral reef ecosystems is composed of coral skeletons built from the mineral aragonite (CaCO3). Coral reefs are currently being threatened by ocean acidification (OA), which may lower calcification rates, ...
Computational analysis of the biophysical controls on Southern Ocean phytoplankton ecosystem dynamics
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019)
Southern Ocean net community productivity plays an out sized role in regulating global biogeochemical cycling and climate dynamics. The structure of spatial-temporal variability in phytoplankton ecosystem dynamics is largely ...
The response of ocean salinity patterns to climate change : implications for circulation
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019)
Global patterns of ocean salinity arise from the exchange of freshwater between the sea surface and the atmosphere. For a quasi-steady state system, these surface fluxes are balanced by compensating transports of salt in ...
A modeling study of the marine biogeochemistry, plankton dynamics, and carbon cycle on the continental shelf off the West Antarctic Peninsula
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019)
Over the past several decades, the West Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) has undergone physical and ecological changes at a rapid pace, with warming surface ocean and a sharp decrease in the duration of the sea ice season. The ...
Molecular Biogeochemistry of modern and ancient marine microbes
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010)
Biological activity has shaped the surface of the earth in numerous ways, but life's most pervasive and persistent global impact has been the secular oxidation of the surface environment. Through primary production - the ...
Physics of diurnal warm layers : turbulence, internal waves, and lateral mixing
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017)
The daily heating of the ocean by the sun can create a stably stratified near-surface layer when the winds are slight and solar insolation is strong. This type of shallow stable layer is called a Diurnal Warm Layer (DWL). ...
Dynamics of Greenland's glacial fjords
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016)
Glacial fjords form conduits between glaciers of the Greenland Ice Sheet and the North Atlantic. They are the gateways for importing oceanic heat to melt ice and for exporting meltwater into the ocean. Submarine melting ...
Hydrodynamic and morphodynamic responses to surfzone seafloor perturbations
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016)
Holes and channels were excavated in the surf zone on an ocean beach near Duck, NC, and observations of the subsequent evolution of waves, currents, and the modified seafloor were used to investigate nearshore dynamics. ...
Evolution of Anthropogenic Pb and Pb isotopes in the deep North Atlantic Ocean and the Indian Ocean
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013)
Pb and Pb isotopes in the ocean have varied on decadal to centennial time scales due to anthropogenic Pb inputs. Thus, tracing the temporal variation of Pb and Pb isotopes in the ocean provides information on the major ...
Laboratory and field-based investigations of subsurface geochemical processes in seafloor hydrothermal systems
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010)
This thesis presents the results of four discrete investigations into processes governing the organic and inorganic chemical composition of seafloor hydrothermal fluids in a variety of geologic settings. Though Chapters 2 ...