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Photonic engineering of near- and far-field radiative heat transfer
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016)
Radiative heat transfer is the process by which two objects exchange thermal energy through the emission and absorption of electromagnetic waves. It is one of nature's key fundamental processes and is ubiquitous in all ...
Mechanisms of reorientation in phytoplankton : fluid shear, surface interactions, and gravitaxis
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014)
Phytoplankton are a vital part of the ecosystem in oceans and lakes, where they form the base of the food chain and have major global impacts, for example producing 50% of the planet's oxygen. Phytoplankton can also serve ...
Charge-based transport and drug delivery into cartilage for localized treatment of degenerative joint diseases
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015)
Traumatic joint injuries significantly increase synovial fluid levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines that can initiate cartilage degeneration leading to osteoarthritis (OA). Articular cartilage is a highly negatively charged, ...
Ultrathin crystalline silicon solar cells incorporating advanced light-trapping structures
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015)
Solar photovoltaics, which convert the energy potential of photons from the sun directly into electrical power, hold immense promise as a cornerstone of a clean energy future. Yet their cost remains greater than that of ...
Predictive design and fabrication of complex micro and nano patterns via wrinkling for scalable and affordable manufacturing
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014)
There is a demonstrated need for scalable and affordable manufacturing of complex micro and nano scale structures for applications such as fluidics-based medical diagnostics and photonicsbased sensing. Although high-rate ...
The design and manufacture of immediate-release optimal solid dosage forms
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014)
Pharmaceutical manufacturing has traditionally been considered largely a matter of regulatory compliance. Consequently, it has been inefficient, but it is now increasingly being recognized as an opportunity for cost ...
Micro-scale scratching by soft pad asperities in chemical-mechanical polishing
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013)
In the manufacture of integrated circuits (IC) and micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS), chemical-mechanical polishing (CMP) is widely used for providing local and global planarization. In the CMP process, polishing pads, ...
A persistent-mode MgB₂ 0.5-T/240-mm solid-nitrogen-cooled magnet for MRI
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016)
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become one of the major noninvasive diagnostic imaging tools today. The annual $5-billion market drives magnet engineers to develop advanced and innovative, high-quality, low-cost, ...
Ion transport across individual sub-continuum graphene nanopores : phenomenology, theory, and implications for industrial separations
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015)
Atomically thin materials, and in particular graphene, provide a new class of solid-state nanopores - apertures that allow for the exchange of matter across thin membranes - with the smallest possible volumes of any ion ...
Control configured design for smooth, highly-maneuverable, underwater vehicles
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013)
We describe the development of a new type of robotic underwater vehicle designed specifically for the inspection of critical infrastructures such as boiling water reactor nuclear power plants. These applications require ...