Discovery and saturation analysis of cancer genes across 21 tumour types
Author(s)
Lawrence, Michael S.; Stojanov, Petar; Mermel, Craig H.; Robinson, James T.; Garraway, Levi A.; Golub, Todd R.; Meyerson, Matthew L.; Gabriel, Stacey B.; Getz, Gad; Lander, Eric Steven; ... Show more Show less
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Although a few cancer genes are mutated in a high proportion of tumours of a given type (>20%), most are mutated at intermediate frequencies (2–20%). To explore the feasibility of creating a comprehensive catalogue of cancer genes, we analysed somatic point mutations in exome sequences from 4,742 human cancers and their matched normal-tissue samples across 21 cancer types. We found that large-scale genomic analysis can identify nearly all known cancer genes in these tumour types. Our analysis also identified 33 genes that were not previously known to be significantly mutated in cancer, including genes related to proliferation, apoptosis, genome stability, chromatin regulation, immune evasion, RNA processing and protein homeostasis. Down-sampling analysis indicates that larger sample sizes will reveal many more genes mutated at clinically important frequencies. We estimate that near-saturation may be achieved with 600–5,000 samples per tumour type, depending on background mutation frequency. The results may help to guide the next stage of cancer genomics.
Date issued
2014-01Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of BiologyJournal
Nature
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group
Citation
Lawrence, Michael S., Petar Stojanov, Craig H. Mermel, James T. Robinson, Levi A. Garraway, Todd R. Golub, Matthew Meyerson, Stacey B. Gabriel, Eric S. Lander, and Gad Getz. “Discovery and Saturation Analysis of Cancer Genes Across 21 Tumour Types.” Nature 505, no. 7484 (January 5, 2014): 495–501.
Version: Author's final manuscript
ISSN
0028-0836
1476-4687