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Precision cancer mouse models through genome editing with CRISPR-Cas9

Author(s)
Mou, Haiwei; Kennedy, Zachary; Yin, Hao; Xue, Wen; Anderson, Daniel Griffith
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Abstract
The cancer genome is highly complex, with hundreds of point mutations, translocations, and chromosome gains and losses per tumor. To understand the effects of these alterations, precise models are needed. Traditional approaches to the construction of mouse models are time-consuming and laborious, requiring manipulation of embryonic stem cells and multiple steps. The recent development of the clustered regularly interspersed short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9 system, a powerful genome-editing tool for efficient and precise genome engineering in cultured mammalian cells and animals, is transforming mouse-model generation. Here, we review how CRISPR-Cas9 has been used to create germline and somatic mouse models with point mutations, deletions and complex chromosomal rearrangements. We highlight the progress and challenges of such approaches, and how these models can be used to understand the evolution and progression of individual tumors and identify new strategies for cancer treatment. The generation of precision cancer mouse models through genome editing will provide a rapid avenue for functional cancer genomics and pave the way for precision cancer medicine.
Date issued
2015-06
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/97558
Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Institute for Medical Engineering & Science; Harvard University--MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology; Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Chemical Engineering; Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT
Journal
Genome Medicine
Publisher
BioMed Central
Citation
Mou, Haiwei, Zachary Kennedy, Daniel G. Anderson, Hao Yin, and Wen Xue. “Precision Cancer Mouse Models through Genome Editing with CRISPR-Cas9.” Genome Medicine 7, no. 1 (June 9, 2015).
Version: Final published version
ISSN
1756-994X

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