<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="static/style.xsl"?><OAI-PMH xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/OAI-PMH.xsd"><responseDate>2026-09-18T21:59:12Z</responseDate><request verb="GetRecord" identifier="oai:dspace.mit.edu:1721.1/104531" metadataPrefix="dim">https://dspace.mit.edu/server/oai/request</request><GetRecord><record><header><identifier>oai:dspace.mit.edu:1721.1/104531</identifier><datestamp>2026-06-16T18:14:16Z</datestamp><setSpec>com_1721.1_7582</setSpec><setSpec>com_1721.1_7581</setSpec><setSpec>col_1721.1_131022</setSpec></header><metadata><dim:dim xmlns:dim="http://www.dspace.org/xmlns/dspace/dim" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:doc="http://www.lyncode.com/xoai" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.dspace.org/xmlns/dspace/dim http://www.dspace.org/schema/dim.xsd">
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="contributor" qualifier="advisor" lang="en_US">Allan Wilfred Adams III.</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="contributor" qualifier="author" lang="en_US">Roberts, Daniel Adam</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="contributor" qualifier="other" lang="en_US">Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics.</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="contributor" qualifier="department">Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="date" qualifier="accessioned">2016-09-30T19:34:10Z</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="date" qualifier="available">2016-09-30T19:34:10Z</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="date" qualifier="copyright" lang="en_US">2016</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="date" qualifier="issued" lang="en_US">2016</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="identifier" qualifier="uri">http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/104531</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="identifier" qualifier="oclc" lang="en_US">958299648</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="description" lang="en_US">Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, 2016.</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="description" lang="en_US">Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="description" lang="en_US">Includes bibliographical references (pages 167-[177]).</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="description" qualifier="abstract" lang="en_US">This thesis focuses on the relationship between black holes in holography, chaos in strongly-coupled quantum systems, and the computational complexity of holographic states. By directly considering the time evolution of local operators, I am led to a simple diagnostic of many-body chaos: a commutator of such operators separated in time and space. Using this diagnostic, I study the growth of operators-a manifestation of the butterfly effect-in a variety of quantum systems. By considering the butterfly effect in holography, I find evidence for a detailed correspondence between the tensor network (or quantum circuit) that builds the holographic state and the interior geometry (or Einstein-Rosen bridge) of the black hole. Ultimately, I try to understand these connections by considering entanglement across time: the entanglement between an output system following time evolution and a record or memory perfectly correlated with the initial system.</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="description" qualifier="statementofresponsibility" lang="en_US">by Daniel Adam Roberts.</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="description" qualifier="degree" lang="en_US">Ph.D.</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="format" qualifier="extent" lang="en_US">167, 10 unnumbered pages</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="language" qualifier="iso" lang="en_US">eng</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="publisher" lang="en_US">Massachusetts Institute of Technology</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="rights" lang="en_US">M.I.T. theses are protected by copyright. They may be viewed from this source for any purpose, but reproduction or distribution in any format is prohibited without written permission. See provided URL for inquiries about permission.</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="rights" qualifier="uri" lang="en_US">http://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/7582</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" lang="en_US">Physics.</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="title" lang="en_US">CHAOS, holography, and other science</dim:field>
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   	&lt;Title>CHAOS, holography, and other science&lt;/Title>
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   	&lt;PublicationDate>2016&lt;/PublicationDate>
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    &lt;Keyword>Physics.&lt;/Keyword>
   	&lt;Abstract>This thesis focuses on the relationship between black holes in holography, chaos in strongly-coupled quantum systems, and the computational complexity of holographic states. By directly considering the time evolution of local operators, I am led to a simple diagnostic of many-body chaos: a commutator of such operators separated in time and space. Using this diagnostic, I study the growth of operators-a manifestation of the butterfly effect-in a variety of quantum systems. By considering the butterfly effect in holography, I find evidence for a detailed correspondence between the tensor network (or quantum circuit) that builds the holographic state and the interior geometry (or Einstein-Rosen bridge) of the black hole. Ultimately, I try to understand these connections by considering entanglement across time: the entanglement between an output system following time evolution and a record or memory perfectly correlated with the initial system.&lt;/Abstract>
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