2026-09-20T08:40:08Zhttps://dspace.mit.edu/server/oai/requestoai:dspace.mit.edu:1721.1/1216482021-07-05T14:03:20Zcom_1721.1_7582com_1721.1_7581col_1721.1_131023
Areg Danagoulian.
Nelson, Roberts Grafton.
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering.
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering
2019-07-15T20:30:49Z
2019-07-15T20:30:49Z
2018
2018
https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/121648
1099259748
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, 2018
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 105-107).
This thesis reports on using a superconducting compact proton cyclotron to conduct multiple monoenergetic gamma radiography (MMGR) and measure o-axis photon scattering to nd special nuclear material (SNM). The cyclotron is a small enough accelerator to be a viable option for scanning commercial cargo containers at maritime ports, airports, rail crossings, and other places of interest. This research presents a technique for reconstructing the eective atomic number (Z) and areal density ([rho][subscript A]) of cargo mock-ups using MMGR with the cyclotron, analyzes the sensitivity of the reconstruction technique, and applies the technique to experimental data. However, single-axis radiography is prone to hoaxing by smugglers. It is relatively trivial to make high-Z material such as SNM look like an innocuous, lower-Z material, such as iron, by surrounding the high-Z material with low-Z material like polyethylene or aluminum. To secure MMGR from this risk of hoaxing, this research presents the use of large angle photon scatter ([theta] = 125°) in cargo to gain additional information on its atomic number. The MMGR technique is found to be able to resolve materials of Z < 70 and uranium (Z = 92); however, the technique has difficulty resolving lead from uranium. Off-axis photon scattering is found to contain Z-specfic information in Monte Carlo simulations, but experimental results are inconclusive.
by Roberts Grafton Nelson.
S.M.
S.M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering
107 pages
eng
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
MIT theses are protected by copyright. They may be viewed, downloaded, or printed from this source but further reproduction or distribution in any format is prohibited without written permission.
http://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/7582
Nuclear Science and Engineering.
Using a superconducting cyclotron to detect special nuclear material through multiple monoenergetic gamma radiography and o-axis photon scattering/
Thesis
application/pdf
2019-07-15T20:30:47Z
Publication
Master
NucEng
unknown
unknown
<Publication xmlns="https://www.openaire.eu/cerif-profile/1.1/" id="4fe72175-89ac-4b64-83fd-54b5c92152cf">
<Type xmlns="https://www.openaire.eu/cerif-profile/vocab/COAR_Publication_Types">http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_1843</Type>
<Language>eng</Language>
<Title>Using a superconducting cyclotron to detect special nuclear material through multiple monoenergetic gamma radiography and o-axis photon scattering/</Title>
<PublishedIn>
<Publication>
</Publication>
</PublishedIn>
<PublicationDate>2018</PublicationDate>
<Authors>
<Author>
<DisplayName>Nelson, Roberts Grafton.</DisplayName>
<Affiliation>
<OrgUnit>
</OrgUnit>
</Affiliation>
</Author>
</Authors>
<Editors>
</Editors>
<Publishers>
<Publisher>
<DisplayName>Massachusetts Institute of Technology</DisplayName>
<OrgUnit />
</Publisher>
</Publishers>
<License>http://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/7582</License>
<Keyword>Nuclear Science and Engineering.</Keyword>
<Abstract>This thesis reports on using a superconducting compact proton cyclotron to conduct multiple monoenergetic gamma radiography (MMGR) and measure o-axis photon scattering to nd special nuclear material (SNM). The cyclotron is a small enough accelerator to be a viable option for scanning commercial cargo containers at maritime ports, airports, rail crossings, and other places of interest. This research presents a technique for reconstructing the eective atomic number (Z) and areal density ([rho][subscript A]) of cargo mock-ups using MMGR with the cyclotron, analyzes the sensitivity of the reconstruction technique, and applies the technique to experimental data. However, single-axis radiography is prone to hoaxing by smugglers. It is relatively trivial to make high-Z material such as SNM look like an innocuous, lower-Z material, such as iron, by surrounding the high-Z material with low-Z material like polyethylene or aluminum. To secure MMGR from this risk of hoaxing, this research presents the use of large angle photon scatter ([theta] = 125°) in cargo to gain additional information on its atomic number. The MMGR technique is found to be able to resolve materials of Z < 70 and uranium (Z = 92); however, the technique has difficulty resolving lead from uranium. Off-axis photon scattering is found to contain Z-specfic information in Monte Carlo simulations, but experimental results are inconclusive.</Abstract>
<Access xmlns="http://purl.org/coar/access_right"
>
</Access>
</Publication>