<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="static/style.xsl"?><OAI-PMH xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/OAI-PMH.xsd"><responseDate>2026-09-19T12:52:46Z</responseDate><request verb="GetRecord" identifier="oai:dspace.mit.edu:1721.1/35604" metadataPrefix="dim">https://dspace.mit.edu/server/oai/request</request><GetRecord><record><header><identifier>oai:dspace.mit.edu:1721.1/35604</identifier><datestamp>2022-01-13T07:54:29Z</datestamp><setSpec>com_1721.1_7582</setSpec><setSpec>com_1721.1_7581</setSpec><setSpec>col_1721.1_131023</setSpec></header><metadata><dim:dim xmlns:dim="http://www.dspace.org/xmlns/dspace/dim" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:doc="http://www.lyncode.com/xoai" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.dspace.org/xmlns/dspace/dim http://www.dspace.org/schema/dim.xsd">
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="contributor" qualifier="advisor" lang="en_US">Joel L. Dawson.</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="contributor" qualifier="author" lang="en_US">Hadiashar, Ali</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="contributor" qualifier="other" lang="en_US">Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science.</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="contributor" qualifier="department">Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="date" qualifier="accessioned">2007-01-10T16:46:56Z</dim:field>
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   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="date" qualifier="copyright" lang="en_US">2006</dim:field>
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   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="identifier" qualifier="oclc" lang="en_US">75281875</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="description" lang="en_US">Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2006.</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="description" lang="en_US">Includes bibliographical references (p. 57-58).</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="description" qualifier="abstract" lang="en_US">The multiplier is a fundamental analog building block. Analog multipliers are used in many systems such as filters, neural networks, automatic gain control circuits, and phase alignment systems. As with any circuit, analog multipliers are plagued by DC offsets. When considering techniques for removing this offset, the question of continuous regulation versus calibration arises. We can easily implement a calibration method, however, how often one must calibrate becomes an issue. Additionally, calibration typically forces the multiplier to suspend normal operation while the offsets are being measured. In this thesis, a technique for continuously regulating offset in multipliers is studied in isolation. Chopper stabilization, a technique long used in DC amplifiers, is applied to analog multipliers to achieve the lowest offset reported.</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="description" qualifier="statementofresponsibility" lang="en_US">by Ali Hadiashar.</dim:field>
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   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="publisher" lang="en_US">Massachusetts Institute of Technology</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="rights" lang="en_US">M.I.T. theses are protected by copyright. They may be viewed from this source for any purpose, but reproduction or distribution in any format is prohibited without written permission. See provided URL for inquiries about permission.</dim:field>
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   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" lang="en_US">Electrical Engineering and Computer Science.</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="title" lang="en_US">Chopper stabilization in analog multipliers</dim:field>
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   	&lt;Title>Chopper stabilization in analog multipliers&lt;/Title>
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   	&lt;PublicationDate>2006&lt;/PublicationDate>
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   	&lt;Abstract>The multiplier is a fundamental analog building block. Analog multipliers are used in many systems such as filters, neural networks, automatic gain control circuits, and phase alignment systems. As with any circuit, analog multipliers are plagued by DC offsets. When considering techniques for removing this offset, the question of continuous regulation versus calibration arises. We can easily implement a calibration method, however, how often one must calibrate becomes an issue. Additionally, calibration typically forces the multiplier to suspend normal operation while the offsets are being measured. In this thesis, a technique for continuously regulating offset in multipliers is studied in isolation. Chopper stabilization, a technique long used in DC amplifiers, is applied to analog multipliers to achieve the lowest offset reported.&lt;/Abstract>
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