<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="static/style.xsl"?><OAI-PMH xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/OAI-PMH.xsd"><responseDate>2026-09-20T23:11:01Z</responseDate><request verb="GetRecord" identifier="oai:dspace.mit.edu:1721.1/46674" metadataPrefix="dim">https://dspace.mit.edu/server/oai/request</request><GetRecord><record><header><identifier>oai:dspace.mit.edu:1721.1/46674</identifier><datestamp>2022-01-13T07:54:44Z</datestamp><setSpec>com_1721.1_7582</setSpec><setSpec>com_1721.1_7581</setSpec><setSpec>col_1721.1_131023</setSpec></header><metadata><dim:dim xmlns:dim="http://www.dspace.org/xmlns/dspace/dim" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:doc="http://www.lyncode.com/xoai" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.dspace.org/xmlns/dspace/dim http://www.dspace.org/schema/dim.xsd">
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="contributor" qualifier="advisor" lang="en_US">Diane E. Davis.</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="contributor" qualifier="author" lang="en_US">Mullin, Deborah Wei</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="contributor" qualifier="other" lang="en_US">Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning.</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="contributor" qualifier="department">Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Urban Studies and Planning</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="coverage" qualifier="spatial" lang="en_US">f------ f-ke---</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="date" qualifier="accessioned">2009-08-26T17:18:14Z</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="date" qualifier="available">2009-08-26T17:18:14Z</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="date" qualifier="copyright" lang="en_US">2009</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="date" qualifier="issued" lang="en_US">2009</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="identifier" qualifier="uri">http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/46674</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="identifier" qualifier="oclc" lang="en_US">428110289</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="description" lang="en_US">Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2009.</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="description" lang="en_US">Includes bibliographical references (p. 94-96).</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="description" qualifier="abstract" lang="en_US">This thesis examines the differences of Chinese and Western aid implementation and its effects in Africa though the case study of Chinese aid and finance for road development in Kenya. Today, Kenya receives tangible benefits from Chinese aid, firms, and finance in road construction. Chinese aid serves as an alternative to Western donor conditionalities in Kenya helping decrease the requirements of Western funding sources. Western aid, however, may not serve as a "substitute" for Chinese aid, therefore making Chinese aid unresponsive to Kenyan interests. The instantaneous and less bureaucratic nature of Chinese aid and China's personal interest in Kenyan infrastructure lead to an increase in road construction but eliminate Kenya's voice in Chinese aid decision. Furthermore, trainings to Kenyans illustrating a "South to South" relationship are really for building China-Kenya relations and are ineffective for Kenya's human capital development. In addition, this is the first study to outline how the combination of tying of Chinese aid to Chinese firms and China's "Go Out" policy create excessive power for Chinese companies in Kenyan road development and debt financing decisions as well as marginalize Kenya's interests. China's tying of aid and the competitive advantages of Chinese firms working in Kenya crowd out domestic industry and forfeit valuable opportunities to develop local neighboring industries. Kenya needs to treat its relationship with China not just as an aid recipient but as a player in a "mutually beneficial" relationship. In order to receive more responsive and effective aid Kenya must begin to leverage its assets desired by China in order to demand a stronger voice in aid decisions.</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="description" qualifier="statementofresponsibility" lang="en_US">by Deborah Wei Mullin.</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="description" qualifier="degree" lang="en_US">M.C.P.</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="format" qualifier="extent" lang="en_US">96 p.</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="language" qualifier="iso" lang="en_US">eng</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="publisher" lang="en_US">Massachusetts Institute of Technology</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="rights" lang="en_US">M.I.T. theses are protected by 
copyright. They may be viewed from this source for any purpose, but 
reproduction or distribution in any format is prohibited without written 
permission. See provided URL for inquiries about permission.</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="rights" qualifier="uri" lang="en_US">http://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/7582</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" lang="en_US">Urban Studies and Planning.</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="title" lang="en_US">The alternative of Chinese aid in Africa : impacts of China's development strategy through Chinese aid, finance, and firms in Kenya</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="title" qualifier="alternative" lang="en_US">Impacts of China's development strategy through Chinese aid, finance, and firms in Kenya</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="type" lang="en_US">Thesis</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="format" qualifier="mimetype">application/pdf</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dspace" element="entity" qualifier="type">Publication</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="others" element="access-status">unknown</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="others" element="access-status">unknown</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="cerif" element="openaire" authority="" confidence="-1">&lt;Publication xmlns="https://www.openaire.eu/cerif-profile/1.1/" id="e8c50185-bf1d-45bb-8f21-b5ff4b9f764c">
	&lt;Type xmlns="https://www.openaire.eu/cerif-profile/vocab/COAR_Publication_Types">http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_1843&lt;/Type>
	&lt;Language>eng&lt;/Language>
   	&lt;Title>The alternative of Chinese aid in Africa : impacts of China&amp;apos;s development strategy through Chinese aid, finance, and firms in Kenya&lt;/Title>
   	&lt;Subtitle>Impacts of China&amp;apos;s development strategy through Chinese aid, finance, and firms in Kenya&lt;/Subtitle>
   	&lt;PublishedIn>
    	&lt;Publication>
      	&lt;/Publication>
   	&lt;/PublishedIn>
   	&lt;PublicationDate>2009&lt;/PublicationDate>
   	&lt;Authors>
      	&lt;Author>
        	&lt;DisplayName>Mullin, Deborah Wei&lt;/DisplayName>
         	&lt;Affiliation>
         		&lt;OrgUnit>
         		&lt;/OrgUnit>
         	&lt;/Affiliation>
      	&lt;/Author>
	&lt;/Authors>
   	&lt;Editors>
	&lt;/Editors>
    &lt;Publishers>
        &lt;Publisher>
            &lt;DisplayName>Massachusetts Institute of Technology&lt;/DisplayName>
            &lt;OrgUnit />
        &lt;/Publisher>
    &lt;/Publishers>
    &lt;License>http://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/7582&lt;/License>
    &lt;Keyword>Urban Studies and Planning.&lt;/Keyword>
   	&lt;Abstract>This thesis examines the differences of Chinese and Western aid implementation and its effects in Africa though the case study of Chinese aid and finance for road development in Kenya. Today, Kenya receives tangible benefits from Chinese aid, firms, and finance in road construction. Chinese aid serves as an alternative to Western donor conditionalities in Kenya helping decrease the requirements of Western funding sources. Western aid, however, may not serve as a &amp;quot;substitute&amp;quot; for Chinese aid, therefore making Chinese aid unresponsive to Kenyan interests. The instantaneous and less bureaucratic nature of Chinese aid and China&amp;apos;s personal interest in Kenyan infrastructure lead to an increase in road construction but eliminate Kenya&amp;apos;s voice in Chinese aid decision. Furthermore, trainings to Kenyans illustrating a &amp;quot;South to South&amp;quot; relationship are really for building China-Kenya relations and are ineffective for Kenya&amp;apos;s human capital development. In addition, this is the first study to outline how the combination of tying of Chinese aid to Chinese firms and China&amp;apos;s &amp;quot;Go Out&amp;quot; policy create excessive power for Chinese companies in Kenyan road development and debt financing decisions as well as marginalize Kenya&amp;apos;s interests. China&amp;apos;s tying of aid and the competitive advantages of Chinese firms working in Kenya crowd out domestic industry and forfeit valuable opportunities to develop local neighboring industries. Kenya needs to treat its relationship with China not just as an aid recipient but as a player in a &amp;quot;mutually beneficial&amp;quot; relationship. In order to receive more responsive and effective aid Kenya must begin to leverage its assets desired by China in order to demand a stronger voice in aid decisions.&lt;/Abstract>
	&lt;Access xmlns="http://purl.org/coar/access_right" 
    >
    &lt;/Access>
&lt;/Publication>
</dim:field>
</dim:dim>
</metadata></record></GetRecord></OAI-PMH>