2026-09-20T03:29:10Zhttps://dspace.mit.edu/server/oai/request

oai:dspace.mit.edu:1721.1/695212022-01-13T07:55:03Zcom_1721.1_7582com_1721.1_7581col_1721.1_131023

Edward S. Boyden, III. Chuong, Amy (Amy S.) Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dept. of Architecture. Program in Media Arts and Sciences. Program in Media Arts and Sciences (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) 2012-02-29T18:23:17Z 2012-02-29T18:23:17Z 2011 2011 http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/69521 776149277 Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2011. Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. Includes bibliographical references (p. 65-74). The ability to rapidly and safely silence the electrical activity of individual neurons or neuron populations is invaluable in the study of brain circuit mapping. The expression of light-driven ion channels and pumps allows these pathways to be observed, mapped and controlled with millisecond timescale resolution. We here show that it is possible to mediate the powerful multiple-color silencing of neural activity through the heterologous expression of light-driven outward proton pumps and inward chloride pumps. We characterized a number of novel opsins through an exploration of ecological and genomic diversity, and further boosted opsin function and trafficking through the appendage of signal sequences. The green-light drivable archaerhodopsin-3 (Arch) from Halorubrum sodomense and the yellow-light drivable archaerhodopsin from Halorubrum strain TP009 (ArchT) are able to mediate complete neuron silencing in the in vivo awake mouse brain, and the blue-light drivable proton pump from Leptosphaeria maculans (Mac) opens up the potential for the multiple-color control of independent neuron populations. Finally, the principles outlined here can be extrapolated to the larger context of synthetic physiology. by Amy Chuong. S.M. 74 p. eng Massachusetts Institute of Technology M.I.T. theses are protected by copyright. They may be viewed from this source for any purpose, but reproduction or distribution in any format is prohibited without written permission. See provided URL for inquiries about permission. http://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/7582 Architecture. Program in Media Arts and Sciences. Development of next-generation optical neural silencers Thesis application/pdf false Publication unknown unknown <Publication xmlns="https://www.openaire.eu/cerif-profile/1.1/" id="22e9dd2c-914b-404d-89e8-ba330ff02fc7"> <Type xmlns="https://www.openaire.eu/cerif-profile/vocab/COAR_Publication_Types">http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_1843</Type> <Language>eng</Language> <Title>Development of next-generation optical neural silencers</Title> <PublishedIn> <Publication> </Publication> </PublishedIn> <PublicationDate>2011</PublicationDate> <Authors> <Author> <DisplayName>Chuong, Amy (Amy S.)</DisplayName> <Affiliation> <OrgUnit> </OrgUnit> </Affiliation> </Author> </Authors> <Editors> </Editors> <Publishers> <Publisher> <DisplayName>Massachusetts Institute of Technology</DisplayName> <OrgUnit /> </Publisher> </Publishers> <License>http://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/7582</License> <Keyword>Architecture. Program in Media Arts and Sciences.</Keyword> <Abstract>The ability to rapidly and safely silence the electrical activity of individual neurons or neuron populations is invaluable in the study of brain circuit mapping. The expression of light-driven ion channels and pumps allows these pathways to be observed, mapped and controlled with millisecond timescale resolution. We here show that it is possible to mediate the powerful multiple-color silencing of neural activity through the heterologous expression of light-driven outward proton pumps and inward chloride pumps. We characterized a number of novel opsins through an exploration of ecological and genomic diversity, and further boosted opsin function and trafficking through the appendage of signal sequences. The green-light drivable archaerhodopsin-3 (Arch) from Halorubrum sodomense and the yellow-light drivable archaerhodopsin from Halorubrum strain TP009 (ArchT) are able to mediate complete neuron silencing in the in vivo awake mouse brain, and the blue-light drivable proton pump from Leptosphaeria maculans (Mac) opens up the potential for the multiple-color control of independent neuron populations. Finally, the principles outlined here can be extrapolated to the larger context of synthetic physiology.</Abstract> <Access xmlns="http://purl.org/coar/access_right" > </Access> </Publication>