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Angelika Amon. Oromendia, Ana Belen Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biology. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biology 2014-10-21T17:23:14Z 2014-10-21T17:23:14Z 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/91056 892055119 Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Biology, 2014. Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. "June 2014." Includes bibliographical references. Gains or losses of entire chromosomes lead to aneuploidy, a condition tolerated poorly in all eukaryotes analyzed to date. How aneuploidy affects organismal and cellular physiology is only beginning to be understood. Aneuploidy also has a profound impact on human health; it is the leading cause of mental retardation and spontaneous abortions and a key characteristic of cancer, as more than 90% of all solid human tumors have aneuploid genomes. Systematic analyses of aneuploid yeast and mouse cells suggested that aneuploidy causes chromosome-specific effects elicited by the amplification of specific genes and general aneuploidy-associated phenotypes Here I describe a phenotype that is shared by most if not all aneuploid yeast cells- I find that aneuploid budding yeast cells are under proteotoxic stress. I show that aneuploid strains are prone to aggregation of endogenous proteins as well as of ectopically expressed hard to fold proteins such as polyQ stretch-containing proteins. Prion conversion rates are also increased in most aneuploid yeast strains. Protein aggregate formation in aneuploid yeast strains is likely due to limiting protein quality control systems, since I present data showing that at least one chaperone family, Hsp90, is compromised in many aneuploid strains. The link between aneuploidy and the formation and persistence of protein aggregates has important implications for diseases such as cancer and neurodegeneration. by Ana Belen Oromendia. Ph.D. 133 pages eng Massachusetts Institute of Technology M.I.T. theses are protected by copyright. They may be viewed from this source for any purpose, but reproduction or distribution in any format is prohibited without written permission. See provided URL for inquiries about permission. http://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/7582 Biology. Aneuploidy causes proteotoxic stress in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Thesis application/pdf Publication unknown unknown <Publication xmlns="https://www.openaire.eu/cerif-profile/1.1/" id="e6570c3d-b352-4ca4-a493-c00763a1a2dd"> <Type xmlns="https://www.openaire.eu/cerif-profile/vocab/COAR_Publication_Types">http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_1843</Type> <Language>eng</Language> <Title>Aneuploidy causes proteotoxic stress in Saccharomyces cerevisiae</Title> <PublishedIn> <Publication> </Publication> </PublishedIn> <PublicationDate>2014</PublicationDate> <Authors> <Author> <DisplayName>Oromendia, Ana Belen</DisplayName> <Affiliation> <OrgUnit> </OrgUnit> </Affiliation> </Author> </Authors> <Editors> </Editors> <Publishers> <Publisher> <DisplayName>Massachusetts Institute of Technology</DisplayName> <OrgUnit /> </Publisher> </Publishers> <License>http://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/7582</License> <Keyword>Biology.</Keyword> <Abstract>Gains or losses of entire chromosomes lead to aneuploidy, a condition tolerated poorly in all eukaryotes analyzed to date. How aneuploidy affects organismal and cellular physiology is only beginning to be understood. Aneuploidy also has a profound impact on human health; it is the leading cause of mental retardation and spontaneous abortions and a key characteristic of cancer, as more than 90% of all solid human tumors have aneuploid genomes. Systematic analyses of aneuploid yeast and mouse cells suggested that aneuploidy causes chromosome-specific effects elicited by the amplification of specific genes and general aneuploidy-associated phenotypes Here I describe a phenotype that is shared by most if not all aneuploid yeast cells- I find that aneuploid budding yeast cells are under proteotoxic stress. I show that aneuploid strains are prone to aggregation of endogenous proteins as well as of ectopically expressed hard to fold proteins such as polyQ stretch-containing proteins. Prion conversion rates are also increased in most aneuploid yeast strains. Protein aggregate formation in aneuploid yeast strains is likely due to limiting protein quality control systems, since I present data showing that at least one chaperone family, Hsp90, is compromised in many aneuploid strains. The link between aneuploidy and the formation and persistence of protein aggregates has important implications for diseases such as cancer and neurodegeneration.</Abstract> <Access xmlns="http://purl.org/coar/access_right" > </Access> </Publication>