<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="static/style.xsl"?><OAI-PMH xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/OAI-PMH.xsd"><responseDate>2026-09-19T04:28:43Z</responseDate><request verb="GetRecord" identifier="oai:dspace.mit.edu:1721.1/91841" metadataPrefix="dim">https://dspace.mit.edu/server/oai/request</request><GetRecord><record><header><identifier>oai:dspace.mit.edu:1721.1/91841</identifier><datestamp>2026-06-06T00:49:13Z</datestamp><setSpec>com_1721.1_7582</setSpec><setSpec>com_1721.1_7581</setSpec><setSpec>col_1721.1_131023</setSpec></header><metadata><dim:dim xmlns:dim="http://www.dspace.org/xmlns/dspace/dim" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:doc="http://www.lyncode.com/xoai" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.dspace.org/xmlns/dspace/dim http://www.dspace.org/schema/dim.xsd">
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="contributor" qualifier="advisor" lang="en_US">Randall Davis.</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="contributor" qualifier="author" lang="en_US">Ma, Kăichén</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="contributor" qualifier="other" lang="en_US">Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science.</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="contributor" qualifier="department">Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="date" qualifier="accessioned">2014-11-24T18:39:04Z</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="date" qualifier="available">2014-11-24T18:39:04Z</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="date" qualifier="copyright" lang="en_US">2013</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="date" qualifier="issued" lang="en_US">2014</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="identifier" qualifier="uri">http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/91841</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="identifier" qualifier="oclc" lang="en_US">894244475</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="description" lang="en_US">Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, June 2014.</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="description" lang="en_US">Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. "May 2013."</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="description" lang="en_US">Includes bibliographical references (page 61).</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="description" qualifier="abstract" lang="en_US">I present an automatic classifier for the digitized clock drawing test, a neurological diagnostic exam used to assess patients' mental acuity by having them draw an analog clock face using a digitizing pen. This classifier assists human examiners in clock drawing interpretation by labeling several basic components of a drawing, including its outline, numerals, hands, and noise, thereby freeing examiners to concentrate on more complex labeling problems. This is a challenging problem despite its specificity, because the average user of the clock drawing test has a high likelihood of cognitive or motor impairment. As a result, mistakes such as crossed-out numerals, messiness, missing components, and noise will be common in drawings, and a well-designed classifier must be capable of handling and correcting for various types of error. I describe in this thesis the construction of a system that is both accurate and robust enough to handle variable input, laying out its components and the principles behind its design. I demonstrate that this system accurately recognizes and classifies the basic components of a drawing, even when applied to a wide range of clinical input, and that it is able to do so because it relies both on statistical analysis and on common-sense observations about the structure of the problem at hand.</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="description" qualifier="statementofresponsibility" lang="en_US">by Kaichen Ma.</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="description" qualifier="degree" lang="en_US">M.Eng.</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="format" qualifier="extent" lang="en_US">75 pages</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="language" qualifier="iso" lang="en_US">eng</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="publisher" lang="en_US">Massachusetts Institute of Technology</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="rights" lang="en_US">M.I.T. theses are protected by copyright. They may be viewed from this source for any purpose, but reproduction or distribution in any format is prohibited without written permission. See provided URL for inquiries about permission.</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="rights" qualifier="uri" lang="en_US">http://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/7582</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" lang="en_US">Electrical Engineering and Computer Science.</dim:field>
   <dim:field mdschema="dc" element="title" lang="en_US">Robust dynamic symbol recognition : the ClockSketch classifier</dim:field>
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	&lt;Language>eng&lt;/Language>
   	&lt;Title>Robust dynamic symbol recognition : the ClockSketch classifier&lt;/Title>
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   	&lt;PublicationDate>2014&lt;/PublicationDate>
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        	&lt;DisplayName>Ma, Kăichén&lt;/DisplayName>
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            &lt;DisplayName>Massachusetts Institute of Technology&lt;/DisplayName>
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    &lt;Keyword>Electrical Engineering and Computer Science.&lt;/Keyword>
   	&lt;Abstract>I present an automatic classifier for the digitized clock drawing test, a neurological diagnostic exam used to assess patients&amp;apos; mental acuity by having them draw an analog clock face using a digitizing pen. This classifier assists human examiners in clock drawing interpretation by labeling several basic components of a drawing, including its outline, numerals, hands, and noise, thereby freeing examiners to concentrate on more complex labeling problems. This is a challenging problem despite its specificity, because the average user of the clock drawing test has a high likelihood of cognitive or motor impairment. As a result, mistakes such as crossed-out numerals, messiness, missing components, and noise will be common in drawings, and a well-designed classifier must be capable of handling and correcting for various types of error. I describe in this thesis the construction of a system that is both accurate and robust enough to handle variable input, laying out its components and the principles behind its design. I demonstrate that this system accurately recognizes and classifies the basic components of a drawing, even when applied to a wide range of clinical input, and that it is able to do so because it relies both on statistical analysis and on common-sense observations about the structure of the problem at hand.&lt;/Abstract>
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