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H. Harry Asada. Kim, Hyeon Yu, Ph.D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Mechanical Engineering. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Mechanical Engineering 2015-02-05T18:26:10Z 2015-02-05T18:26:10Z 2014 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/93828 900649791 Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2014. Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. Includes bibliographical references (pages 52-55). Skeletal muscle is well known for a rapid adaptation to mechanical environmental changes. Understanding the effects of the mechanical stimulation such as stretching to muscle tissues is important for understanding the nature of muscle development and muscle diseases. While there are many reports studying the effects of stretching on 2-D cultures in vitro, few research groups have investigated their effects in 3-D muscle strips with high volumetric density. Here, we used the muscle strips that have fascicle-like shape, high volumetric density, and optimal alignment in 3-D. We present that the fascicle-like muscle tissue will have stronger performance and more matured structure in response to particular stimulation. We applied the static and cyclic stretching, electrical stimulation and two different co-stimulation. Both the static and cyclic stretching induced stronger cell-ECM adhesions of 3-D cultured muscle cells. The static tension at day 9 caused striated actin of the muscles, but the cyclic tension at day 1 caused weakening of actin structure with less alignment. Similarly, the stretching could affect other proteins, related to muscle development. Therefore, the effect of the stretching to the muscle tissue is highly time-dependent, and it is important to find optimal timing for efficient training. We also show that muscle performance by the co-stimulation is higher than by the electrical stimulation alone. Although conditions of the each mechanical and electrical stimuli were identical, the performances were changed only by phase shift between the two stimuli. We still do not know the exact mechanism, but our results support the potential use of high-performance engineered muscle tissues for moving bio-robots or drug testing platforms. by Hyeon Yu Kim. S.M. 55 pages eng Massachusetts Institute of Technology M.I.T. theses are protected by copyright. They may be viewed from this source for any purpose, but reproduction or distribution in any format is prohibited without written permission. See provided URL for inquiries about permission. http://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/7582 Mechanical Engineering. Effect of mechanical stretching on the maturation of 3-D fascicle-like muscle tissue Thesis application/pdf false Publication unknown unknown <Publication xmlns="https://www.openaire.eu/cerif-profile/1.1/" id="5db40cb5-b456-4a72-a7fe-ca707359d251"> <Type xmlns="https://www.openaire.eu/cerif-profile/vocab/COAR_Publication_Types">http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_1843</Type> <Language>eng</Language> <Title>Effect of mechanical stretching on the maturation of 3-D fascicle-like muscle tissue</Title> <PublishedIn> <Publication> </Publication> </PublishedIn> <PublicationDate>2014</PublicationDate> <Authors> <Author> <DisplayName>Kim, Hyeon Yu, Ph.D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology</DisplayName> <Affiliation> <OrgUnit> </OrgUnit> </Affiliation> </Author> </Authors> <Editors> </Editors> <Publishers> <Publisher> <DisplayName>Massachusetts Institute of Technology</DisplayName> <OrgUnit /> </Publisher> </Publishers> <License>http://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/7582</License> <Keyword>Mechanical Engineering.</Keyword> <Abstract>Skeletal muscle is well known for a rapid adaptation to mechanical environmental changes. Understanding the effects of the mechanical stimulation such as stretching to muscle tissues is important for understanding the nature of muscle development and muscle diseases. While there are many reports studying the effects of stretching on 2-D cultures in vitro, few research groups have investigated their effects in 3-D muscle strips with high volumetric density. Here, we used the muscle strips that have fascicle-like shape, high volumetric density, and optimal alignment in 3-D. We present that the fascicle-like muscle tissue will have stronger performance and more matured structure in response to particular stimulation. We applied the static and cyclic stretching, electrical stimulation and two different co-stimulation. Both the static and cyclic stretching induced stronger cell-ECM adhesions of 3-D cultured muscle cells. The static tension at day 9 caused striated actin of the muscles, but the cyclic tension at day 1 caused weakening of actin structure with less alignment. Similarly, the stretching could affect other proteins, related to muscle development. Therefore, the effect of the stretching to the muscle tissue is highly time-dependent, and it is important to find optimal timing for efficient training. We also show that muscle performance by the co-stimulation is higher than by the electrical stimulation alone. Although conditions of the each mechanical and electrical stimuli were identical, the performances were changed only by phase shift between the two stimuli. We still do not know the exact mechanism, but our results support the potential use of high-performance engineered muscle tissues for moving bio-robots or drug testing platforms.</Abstract> <Access xmlns="http://purl.org/coar/access_right" > </Access> </Publication>