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Finescale abyssal turbulence : sources and modeling
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2020)
A detailed understanding of the intensity and three-dimensional spatial distribution of diabatic abyssal turbulence is germane to understanding the abyssal branch of the global overturning circulation. This thesis addresses ...
Investigating Mexican paleoclimate with precisely dated speleothems
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2020)
Speleothems, or sedimentary rocks formed in caves, act as valuable archives of past climate change due to their suitability for U-series dating and high-resolution proxy analysis. These records can provide insights into ...
High resolution sedimentary archives of past millennium hurricane activity in the Bahama Archipelago
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2020)
Atlantic hurricanes threaten growing coastal populations along the U.S. coastline and in the Caribbean islands. Unfortunately, little is known about the forces that alter hurricane activity on multi-decadal to centennial ...
Residual overturning circulation and its connection to Southern Ocean dynamics
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2020)
Over the last 20 years, our understanding of the meridional overturning circulation has improved, but primarily in a two-dimensional, zonally-averaged framework. In this thesis, I have pushed beyond this simplification and ...
Diagnosing the variability in temperature and velocity in the Middle Atlantic Bight
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2021)
Observations of hydrographic and dynamical properties on the Middle Atlantic Bight shelf document strong variability at time scales spanning events that last a few days to century long trends. This thesis studies individual ...
The heterogeneity and volatile content of Earth's mantle, magmas and crust
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2021)
This thesis explores the volatile content of the mantle, subducted oceanic crust, and arc magmas as well as the structure of slow spreading ocean crust and the heterogeneity of Earth's upper mantle. In Chapter 2, I directly ...
Distribution, growth, and transport of larval fishes and implications for population dynamics
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2021)
The early life stages of marine fishes play a critical role in population dynamics, largely due to their high abundance, high mortality, and ease of transport in ocean currents. This dissertation demonstrates the value of ...
New insights into the marine oxygen cycle from manganese oxide minerals and reactive oxygen species
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2020)
The redox cycling of oxygen between O₂, water, and intermediate redox states including hydrogen peroxide and superoxide, has profound impact on the availability and distribution of dissolved O₂, the habitability of the ...
Wave-driven geomorphology of Pacific carbonate coastlines : from landscape to wavelength scale
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2020)
The shallow marine ecosystems of coral atolls and the human communities they support are among the most vulnerable to anthropogenic climate change. Sea-level rise threatens to inundate low-lying reef islands, tropical ...
The role of zooplankton in regulating carbon export and phytoplankton community structure : integrating models and observations
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2021)
In this thesis, I explore two topics in plankton ecology with a combination of models and observations. First, I investigate the contribution of zooplankton diel vertical migration (DVM) to the vertical flux of carbon as ...