Browsing Reports by Title

Now showing items 77-96 of 120

    • Parameterization of Moisture and Heat Fluxes Across the Land Surface for Use in Atmospheric General Circulation Models 

      Milly, P. Christopher D.; Eagleson, Peter S. (Cambridge, Mass. : Ralph M. Parsons Laboratory, Hydrology and Water Resources Systems , Dept. of Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1982-06)
      The response of a bare soil surface to atmospheric forcing -- rain, wind, sunshine, etc. -- may be expressed in terms of the resultant evaporation rate and sensible and radiant heat losses. Examining the earth-atmosphere ...

    • A Physically Based Channel Network and Catchment Evolution Model 

      Willgoose, Garry; Bras, Rafael L.; Rodriguez-Iturbe, Ignacio (Cambridge, Mass. : Ralph M. Parsons Laboratory Hydrology and Water Resource Systems, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1989-06)
      A catchment evolution and channel network growth model is presented. Elevations within the catchment are simulated by a sediment transport continuity equation applied over geologic time. Sediment transport may by modelled ...

    • Physically-based Parameterization of Spatially Variable Soil and Vegetation Using Satellite Multispectral Data 

      Jasinski, Michael F.; Eagleson, Peter S. (Cambridge, Mass. : Ralph M. Parsons Laboratory, Hydrology and Water Resource Systems, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil Engineering, 1989-09)
      A stochastic-geometric landsurface reflectance model is formulated and tested for the parameterization of spatially variable vegetation and soil at subpixel scales using satellite multispectral images without ground truth. ...

    • A Physiological Explanation for Vegetation Ecotones in Eastern North America 

      Arris, L. L.; Eagleson, P. S. (Cambridge, Mass. : Ralph M. Parsons Laboratory, Hydrology and Water Resource Systems, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil Engineering, 1989-06)
      Prediction of the vegetative cover of land surfaces as climatic conditions change is an important aspect of general circulation models that has not been adequately explored. In this study, a model is developed for the ...

    • Planning and Design of Agricultural Drainage under Uncertainty: A Dynamic Multi-level Approach 

      Strzepek, Kenneth M.; Wilson, John L.; Marks, David H. (Cambridge, Mass. : Ralph M. Parsons Laboratory, Hydrology and Water Resource Systems, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil Engineering, 1982-07)
      Drainage systems are major capital investments for irrigated agriculture. Therefore,the-goal is to install drainage systems that will be most beneficial to the agricultural economy as a whole. Planning for agricultural ...

    • Porous Boundary Effects in Turbulent Shear Flow 

      Ruff, J. F.; Gelhar, L. W. (Cambridge, Mass. : Water Resources and Laboratory, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1970-07)
      A technique of measuring seepage velocities is developed in order to investigate the velocity distribution in a porous boundary exposed to a turbulent shear flow. Measurements are performed in a 1.2 in. thick polyurethane ...

    • The Practice of Kriging 

      Kafritsas, John; Bras, Rafael L. (Cambridge, Mass. : Ralph M. Parsons Laboratory, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1981-01)
      The theory of intrinsic random functions of order k (IRF-K) and its use in optimal linear interpolation is presented using a simple deterministic formulation. Also outlined are the procedures for identification of generalized ...

    • A Precipitation Model and Its Use in Real-time River Flow Forecasting 

      Georgakakos, Konstantine P.; Bras, Rafael L. (Cambridge, Mass. : Ralph M. Parsons Laboratory , Hydrology and Water Resources Systems, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil Engineering, 1982-07)
      A one-dimensional, physically based, station precipitation model is proposed and tested. The model state variable is the liquid water equivalent mass in a unit area cloud column. Model inputs are the air temperature, ...

    • Prediction of Unsteady Salinity Intrusion in Estuaries: Mathematical Model and User's Manual 

      Thatcher, M. Llewellyn; Harleman, Donald R. F. (Cambridge, Massachusetts : Ralph M. Parsons Laboratory for Water Resources and Hydrodynamics, Dept. of Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1972-11)
      Foreword: This report is intended as a documentation of the computer program and as a user's manual for the implementation of the mathematical model for the prediction of unsteady salinity intrusion in estuaries. The details ...

    • Reliability of Water Distribution Systems 

      Wanger, Janet M.; Shamir, Uri; Marks, David H. (Cambridge, Mass : Ralph M. Parsons Laboratory, Hydrology and Water Resource Systems, Dept. of Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1986-06)
      Reliability of water distribution systems is becoming of increasing concern to water system designers and operators because of the increasing age of many systems and the decreasing availability of public money for water ...

    • Salinity Effects on Velocity Distributions in an Idealized Estuary 

      Harleman, D. R. F.; Hoopes, J. A.; McDougall, D.; Goulis, D. A. (Cambridge, Mass. : Dept. of Civil Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1962-01)
      An experimental and analytical investigation of the two-dimensional (i.e. longitudinal and vertical) convective-diffusion processes in an idealized laboratory estuary. The estuary is idealized to obtain steady-state salinity ...

    • A Second-order Budyko-type Parameterization of Landsurface Hydrology 

      Andreou, Stefanos A.; Eagleson, Peter S. (Cambridge, Mass. : Ralph M. Parsons Laboratory, Hydrology and Water Resource Systems, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil Engineering, 1982-06)
      This work develops a simple, second-order parameterization of the water fluxes at a landsurface for use as the appropriate boundary condition in general circulation models of the global atmosphere. The derived parameterization ...

    • Secondary Motion and Turbulence in Circular Couette Flow 

      Gelhar, L. W.; Schriek, W.; Benham, F. A. (Cambridge, Mass. : Hydrodynamics Laboratory, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1966-07)
      The flow in an annular space between two separately rotating cylinders of finite length is investigated. It is found that when the outer cylinder rotates faster than, and in the same direction as, the inner cylinder, the ...

    • Sediment Transport in the Coastal Environment 

      Madsen, Ole Secher; Grant, William D. (Cambridge, Mass. : Ralph M. Parsons Laboratory for Water Resources and Hydrodynamics, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1976-01)
      The subject of sediment transport in the coastal zone is investigated and the answers to some of the basic questions of sediment transport in unsteady, oscillatory flow are presented. By adopting Jonsson's (1966) results ...

    • Simulation of Observed Topography Using a Physically-based Basin Evolution Model 

      Moglen, Glenn E.; Bras, Rafael L. (Cambridge, Mass. : Ralph M. Parsons Laboratory, Hydrology and Water Resources, Dept. of Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994-10)
      This work presents a model for basin evolution and a procedure for estimating the parameters of this model to reproduce a given topography. The model is calibrated based on three measures: the slope-area relationship, the ...

    • Simulation of Random Fields with the Turning Bands Method 

      Mantoglou, Aristotelis; Wilson, John L. (Cambridge, Mass. : Ralph M. Parsons Laboratory Hydrology and Water Resources Systems, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1981-07)
      This report presents and extends the Turning Bands Method (TBM) for the synthetic simulation of random fields. Originally introduced by G. Matheron (1973) of the Ecole des Mines de Paris, the TBM can be applied to stationary ...

    • Simulation of the Continuous Snowmelt Process 

      Laramie, Richard L.; Schaake, Jr., John C. (Cambridge Ralph M. Parsons Laboratory for Water Resources and Hydrodynamics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1972-01)
      The efficient design of many water management projects requires the ability to predict the time distribution of runoff from a melting snowfield. A continuous model of the snow accumation and melting processes is presented ...

    • Solar Pond Feasibility Study for Egypt: Preliminary Report 

      Salhotra, Atul; Adams, E. Eric; Harleman, Donald R. F. (Cambridge, Mass. : Ralph M. Parsons Laboratory, Aquatic Science and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil Engineering, 1983-01)
      The report presents a preliminary feasibility study for salt gradient solar ponds in Egypt. Chapter 1 gives a brief review of the technical and economic aspects of solar ponds. Chapter 2 includes a discussion of the ongoing ...

    • Spatial Analysis of Storm Depths from an Arizona Raingage Network 

      Fennessey, Neil M.; Eagleson, Peter S.; Qinliang, Wang; Rodriguez-Iturbe, Ignacio (Cambridge, Mass : Ralph M. Parsons Laboratory, Hydrology and Water Resource Systems,Dept. of Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1986-08)
      Eight years of summer rainstorm observations are analyzed by a dense network of 93 raingages operated by the U. S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, in the 150 km Walnut Gulch experimental catchment ...

    • Spatial Poisson Models of Stationary Storm Rainfall: Parameterization, Evaluation and Numerical Simulation 

      Fennessey, Neil M.; Qinliang, Wang; Eagleson, Peter S.; Rodriguez-Iturbe, Ignacio (Cambridge, Mass : Ralph M. Parsons Laboratory, Hydrology and Water Resource Systems, Dept. of Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1986-08)
      Eight years of summer raingage observations are analyzed for a dense, 93 raingage, network operated by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, in the 150 km2 Walnut Gulch catchment near Tucson, ...