From Computational Theory to Psychology and Neurophysiology -- a case study from vision

Abstract

The CNS needs to be understood at four nearly independent levels of description: (1) that at which the nature of a computation is expressed; (2) that at which the algorithms that implement a computation are characterised; (3) that at which an algorithm is committed to particular mechanisms; and (4) that at which the mechanisms are realised in hardware. In general, the nature of a computation is determined by the problem to be solved, the mechanisms that are used depend upon the available hardware, and the particular algorithms chosen depend on the problem and on the available mechanisms. Examples are given of theories at each level from current research in vision, and a brief review of the immediate prospects for the field is given.