Genetically engineered phage fibers and coatings for antibacterial applications
Name
539056572-MIT.pdf
Description
Full printable version
Size
12.05 MB
Format
Adobe PDF
Checksum (MD5)
e23b189389dd96ad237768e690faa425
Author(s)
Mao, Joan Y
Advisor(s)
Krystyn J. van Vliet and Angela M. Belcher.
Date Issued
2009
Publisher
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Abstract
Multifunctionality can be imparted to protein-based fibers and coatings via either synthetic or biological approaches. Here, we demonstrate potent antimicrobial functionality of genetically engineered, phage-based fibers and fiber coatings, processed at room temperature. Facile genetic engineering of the M13 virus (bacteriophage) genome leverages the well-known antibacterial properties of silver ions to kill bacteria. Predominant expression of negatively-charged glutamic acid (E3) peptides on the pVIII major coat proteins of M13 bacteriophage (or phage) enables solution-based, electrostatic binding of silver ions and subsequent reduction to metallic silver along the phage length. Antibacterial fibers of micrometer-scale diameters are constructed from such E3-modified phage, via wet-spinning and glutaraldehyde-crosslinking of the E3-modified phage. Silverization of the free-standing fibers is confirmed via energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES), showing -0.61,pg/cm of silver on E3-Ag fibers. This degree of silverization is threefold greater than that attainable for the unmodified M13-Ag fibers. Conferred bactericidal functionality is determined via live-dead staining and a modified disk-diffusion (Kirby-Bauer) measure of zone of inhibition (Zol) against Staphylococcus epidermidis and Escherichia coli bacterial strains. Live-dead staining and Zol distance measurements indicate increased bactericidal activity in the genetically engineered virus fibers attached to silver.
(cont.) Coating of Kevlar fibers with E3 viruses exhibits antibacterial effects, as well, with relatively smaller ZoIs attributable to the lower degree of silver loading attainable in these coatings. Such antimicrobial functionality is amenable to rapid incorporation within fiber-based textiles to reduce risks of infection, biofilm formation, or odor-based detection, with the potential to exploit the additional electronic and thermal conductivity of fully silverized fibers and coatings.
Description
Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, 2009.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 40-42).
Subjects
Materials Science and Engineering.
MIT Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Materials Science and Engineering
Terms of Use
M.I.T. theses are protected by
copyright. They may be viewed from this source for any purpose, but
reproduction or distribution in any format is prohibited without written
permission. See provided URL for inquiries about permission.
copyright. They may be viewed from this source for any purpose, but
reproduction or distribution in any format is prohibited without written
permission. See provided URL for inquiries about permission.
Persistent DSpace Link
