Lectures and Readings

Course lecture and readings.
SES #	TOPICS	LECTURE MATERIALS	READINGS
Part 1: survey of global health challenges and medical device categories
1	Global health overview	Slides (PDF - 2.7MB)
2	Drug delivery overview	Outline Fundamentals of drug delivery devices Design strategies that can provide sustainable solutions in the field Forms of devices: - Oral: capsules, pills, thin films - Transdermal - Inhalable: metered dose inhalers, dry powder inhalers, nasal delivery, nebulizers and appropriate accessories - Injectable
3	Infectious disease	Slides (PDF - 3.7MB)
4	Lab 1: drug delivery		Mizrahi, Boaz, and Abraham J. Domb. "Mucoadhesive Tablet Releasing Iodine for Treating Oral Infections." Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 96, no. 11 (2007): 3144-3150. DOI:10.1002/jps.20876. Shemer, A., et al. "Efficacy of a Mucoadhesive Patch Compared with an Oral Solution for Treatment of Aphthous Stomatitis." Drugs R D 9, no. 1 (2008): 29-35.
5	Non-communicable diseases		Disease Control Priorities Project. Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries [abstracts, PDF and full text HTML available for download] - Chapter 30, "Diabetes: The Pandemic and Potential Solutions." by K. M. Venkat Narayan, et al. - Chapter 33, "Cardiovascular Disease." by Thomas A. Gaziano, et al. International Atomic Energy Agency. A Silent Crisis: Cancer Treatment in Developing Countries. September 2003. (PDF) McNeil Jr., Donald G. "In India, a Quest to Ease the Pain of the Dying." New York Times, September 11, 2007. ———. "Procedure May Save Women In Third World From Cancer." New York Times, March 25, 2003. Monroy-Hernandez, Andres, and Leo Anthony Celi, MD. "ICT4D to Scale Cervical Cancer Prevention." May 07, 2008. YouTube. Accessed August 25, 2009. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RmqSnYyiA4E. amithap1982. "CytoSight a Telepathology Solution by KTwo powered by Intel." February 4, 2009. YouTube. Accessed August 25, 2009. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ssp4cJyfOEU. "Professor Focused on Cheap Specs." BBC News, February 9, 2009. byronetics. "Aravind Eye Hospital." November 19, 2006. YouTube. Accessed August 25, 2009. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3cjnNPua7Ag. Zoomify Enterprise - a telepathology software interface.
6	Vital signs monitoring	Slides (PDF) (Courtesy of Dr. Gari Clifford. Used with permission)	Kahn, Jonathan. "Race in a Bottle." Scientific American, August 2007. Wuethrich, Bernice, ed. "Introduction and Sustainable Use of Vaccines in Developing Countries." Proceedings of the Albert B. Sabin Vaccine Institute 12th Annual Vaccine Policy Colloquium, October 19-21, 2005. (PDF - 2.1MB) "Students Devise Oral Quick-dissolve Strips for Rotavirus Vaccine." Johns Hopkins University press release, May 14, 2007. Mullins, Justin. "Immune System in a Jar." New Scientist: Invention Blog, March 05, 2008. Groleau, Rick. "Killer Disease on Campus: Making Vaccines." PBS: NOVA, August 2002. Mitragotri, Samir. "Immunization without Needles." Nature Reviews Immunology 5 (December 2005): 905-916. doi:10.1038/nri1728. Garcia-Contreras, Lucila, et al. "Immunization by a Bacterial Aerosol." PNAS 105, no. 12 (2008): 4656-4660. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0800043105. Flatow, Ira, and Alex Chadwick. "Vaccine Tech Could Help Millions in Developing Nations." National Public Radio, October 21, 2004.
7	Lab 2: vital signs
8	Convergence of devices: advances in telemedicine and vital signs		Martinez, Andres W., et al. "Simple Telemedicine for Developing Regions: Camera Phones and Paper-Based Microfluidic Devices for Real-Time, Off-Site Diagnosis." Anal Chem 80 (2008): 3699-3707. DOI: 10.1021/ac800112r.
9	Vaccines	Slides (PDF - 2.0MB)
10	Lab 3: medical instruments: surgery and infection control
11	Neglected tropical diseases
12	User and setting-driven innovations to advance global healthcare	Slides (PDF - 2.4MB) (Courtesy of Aya Caldwell. Used with permission.) Supplemental video (covers some material in the D-Lab lecture) Olson, Kris Dr., and Aya Caldwell. "Neonatal Asphyxia Intervention: Philosophy and Outcome." CIMIT Global Health Initiative forum, May 5 2009:	Design that Matters Incubator Article Archive, including photos, text and videos
13	Lab 4: diagnostics: paper diagnostics and HIV testing		Martinez, Andres W. "Three-dimensional Microfluidic Services Fabricated in Layered Paper and Tape." PNAS 105, no. 50 (December 16, 2008): 19606-19611. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0810903105. Paper diagnostics Combur-10 test: Combur-Test® Product Line. Roche Diagnotics. Accessed August 26, 2009. Grifantini, Kristina. "TR10: Paper Diagnostics." Technology Review, March/April 2009. Urdea, Mickey, et al. "Requirements for High Impact Diagnostics in the Developing World." Nature 444 (23 November, 2006): 73-79. DOI:10.1038/nature05448.
14	Prototyping of medical devices
15	Neglected tropical diseases	Slides (PDF - 1.3)
16	Lab 5: microfluidics		Schilling, Eric, and Paul Yager. "Basic Microfluidic Concepts." September 7, 2001. Accessed August 25, 2009. Goho, Alexandra. "Diagnosing the Developing World: Turning High-tech Innovations into Low-cost Medical Tests." Science News, February 14, 2004. Sia, Samuel K., and Larry J. Kricka. "Microfluidics and Point-of-care Testing." Lab Chip 8 (2008): 1982-1983. DOI: 10.1039/b817915h.
17	Disabilities in the developing world	Outline * Burden of disability in global health * Strategies for creating appropriate devices * Case example of Open Prosthetics Project, Jaipur Foot, Aravind Eye Care, and Auralab	Norton, Quinn. "Give 'em a (Working) Hand." Wired, September 21, 2006.
18	Imaging	Slides (PDF)	Szot, Agneiszka, et al. "Diagnostic Accuracy of Chest X-rays Acquired Using a Digital Camera for Low-cost Teleradiology." International Journal of Medical Informatics 73 (2004): 65-73. (PDF)
19	Visit Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston MA	Hosted by Dr. Robert Sheridan, Chief of the Burn Surgery Service. Students visited an operating room, discussed the medical equipment used, and brainstormed ideas in which the parallel devices in the developing world can be improved.
Spring break: Nicaragua trip
Part 2: project design and development Some lectures and group trips continue, but the emphasis shifts to project team work
20	Lecture on FDA approvals
20	Forming project teams
21	Field trip: visits to MIT laser cutter and 3-D printing labs
21	Project brainstorming
22	Field trip: visit Mass General Hospital operating room
22	Project work
23	Lecture on intellectual property		Evening screening at MIT of film Bamako (outside of class time)
23	Project work
24	Role-playing simulation games	Simulation game description (PDF)
24	Project work
25	Project work
26	Finish projects

Supplemental Readings

Supporting material for the course textbook (Rx for Survival)

Rx for Survival: A Global Health Challenge. This 2005 PBS television series, available on DVD, plus associated web resources, coincided with the book's publication.
Reader's Guide to Rx for Survival (PDF)

Geelhoed, Glenn W. Surgery and Healing in the Developing World. Georgetown, TX: Landes Biosciences, 2005. ( This resource may not render correctly in a screen reader. PDF - 4.7MB) [a complete online text]

Werner, David, Carol Thurman, and Jane Maxwell. Where There Is No Doctor: A Village Health Care Handbook. Updated. 2nd ed. Berkely, CA: Hesperian Foundation, 2009. ISBN: 9780942364156.

Gordon, Bruce, Richard Mackay, and Evan Rehfuess. Inheriting the world: The Atlas of Children's Health and the Environment. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO, 2004. ISBN: 9789241591560.

BIO Ventures for Global Health (BVGH). "Global Health Primer." October 2007. ( This resource may not render correctly in a screen reader. PDF)

A tremendous resource on diseases that form the focus in global health: background information, descriptive "disease sheets", lists of organizations, NGOs, advocacy groups, biotech companies and other partnerships, all engaged in trying to address these problems.

Chowdury, Zafrin. "Bangladesh Launches Mass Immunization Campaign after Polio Re-emerges." UNICEF, 2006.