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Measurement of the charged-hadron multiplicity in proton-proton collisions at LHC with the CMS detector
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011)
Charged-hadron pseudorapidity densities and multiplicity distributions in protonproton collisions at [the square root of sigma] = 0.9, 2.36, 7.0 TeV were measured with the inner tracking system of the CMS detector at the ...
Observational and evolutionary studies of neutron star X-ray binaries
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011)
In this thesis, we present our observational and evolutionary studies of neutron stars in X-ray binary systems. A variety of topics are discussed, which are all related by a single scientific theme, namely, helping to set ...
Interaction of trapped ions with trapped atoms
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011)
In this thesis, I present results from two Paul-trap based ion traps carried out in the Vuletić laboratory: the Atom-Ion trap for collision studies between cold atoms and cold ions, and the Cavity-Array trap for studying ...
Electric fields and transport in optimized stellarators
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011)
Recent stellarator experiments have been designed with one of two types of neoclassical optimization: quasisymmetry or quasi-isodynamism. Both types of stellarator have perfectly confined collisionless particle orbits as ...
Cavity-enabled spin squeezing for a quantum-enhanced atomic clock
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011)
For the past decade, the stability of microwave atomic clocks has stood at the standard quantum limit, set by the projection noise inherent in measurements on ensembles of uncorrelated particles. Here, I demonstrate an ...
Dijet production in polarized proton-proton collisions at [the square root of sigma] = 200 GeV
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011)
Polarized deep inelastic scattering (DIS) experiments indicate that quarks only carry approximately 30% of the proton spin, which led to interest in measuring the contributions of other components. Through polarized ...
Squeezing collective atomic spins with an optical resonator
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011)
This thesis describes two methods of overcoming the standard quantum limit of signal-to-noise ratio in atomic precision measurements. In both methods, the interaction between an ultracold atomic ensemble and an optical ...
Holography and strongly correlated systems
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011)
In this thesis we apply techniques arising from string theory - gauge-gravity/duality, or holography - to problems associated with strongly coupled quantum field theories under extreme conditions such as finite temperature ...
Ultracold molecules from ultracold atoms : interactions in sodium and lithium gas
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011)
The thesis presents results from experiments in which ultracold Sodium-6 and Lithium-23 atomic gases were studied near a Feshbach resonance at high magnetic fields. The enhanced interactions between atoms in the presence ...
Relativistic dynamics and Dirac particles in graphene
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011)
Graphene, a two-dimensional hexagonal lattice of carbon, has jumped to the forefront of condensed matter research in the past few years as a high quality two-dimensional electron system with intriguing scientific and ...