Maximizing Rigidity: The Incremental Recovery of 3-D Structure from Rigid and Rubbery Motion

Abstract

The human visual system can extract 3-D shape information of unfamiliar moving objects from their projected transformations. Computational studies of this capacity have established that 3-D shape, can be extracted correctly from a brief presentation, provided that the moving objects are rigid. The human visual system requires a longer temporal extension, but it can cope, however, with considerable deviations from rigidity. It is shown how the 3-D structure of rigid and non-rigid objects can be recovered by maintaining an internal model of the viewed object and modifying it at each instant by the minimal non-rigid change that is sufficient to account for the observed transformation. The results of applying this incremental rigidity scheme to rigid and non-rigid objects in motion are described and compared with human perceptions.