Leveraging bus rapid transit lite for transit corridor development : Springfield Avenue and Bloomfield Avenue in Newark NJ

Abstract

The construction of bus rapid transit lite (BRT lite) systems on Springfield Avenue and Bloomfield Avenue in Newark is assumed to provide lower travel times and improved reliability of service to local and regional economic and activity centers. This thesis determines the ability of the existing and suggested zoning policy for the City of Newark to support development that capitalizes on the added accessibility. First, a literature review of accessibility, BRT Lite, transit oriented development, and transit corridor development (TCD) provide the framework for understanding TCD and the policy options available to achieve it. Then, the history and economic geography of the City are analyzed to determine whether the City and transit-served areas in the region should expect growth. Finally, two analyses are undertaken to gauge the development opportunity and mismatch (or match) between TCD type development and the existing zoning policy. A physical conditions analysis evaluates the land use availability and appropriateness for transit corridor development at the station areas outside of downtown Newark. A zoning analysis at three case study stations answers whether the existing and suggested policy allows for TCD in terms of high density and mixed land uses. The thesis finds that significant development opportunities exist on the corridors on vacant parcels and underutilized land. The thesis finds that the existing zoning policy at the three key stations allows for high density and mixed use on large underutilized parcel(s). Further efforts to realize redevelopment on the corridors will require attention to other land use policies including form and design guidelines, parking policy, and financial incentives.