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Finescale abyssal turbulence : sources and modeling
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2020)
A detailed understanding of the intensity and three-dimensional spatial distribution of diabatic abyssal turbulence is germane to understanding the abyssal branch of the global overturning circulation. This thesis addresses ...
Radium isotopes and radon-222 as tracers of sediment-water interaction in Arctic coastal and lacustrine environments
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2020)
Arctic marine and lacustrine systems are experiencing rapid warming due to climate change. These changes are especially important at the interface between sediments and surface waters because they are hotspots for ...
Investigating Mexican paleoclimate with precisely dated speleothems
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2020)
Speleothems, or sedimentary rocks formed in caves, act as valuable archives of past climate change due to their suitability for U-series dating and high-resolution proxy analysis. These records can provide insights into ...
High resolution sedimentary archives of past millennium hurricane activity in the Bahama Archipelago
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2020)
Atlantic hurricanes threaten growing coastal populations along the U.S. coastline and in the Caribbean islands. Unfortunately, little is known about the forces that alter hurricane activity on multi-decadal to centennial ...
Diagnosing the variability in temperature and velocity in the Middle Atlantic Bight
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2021)
Observations of hydrographic and dynamical properties on the Middle Atlantic Bight shelf document strong variability at time scales spanning events that last a few days to century long trends. This thesis studies individual ...
The heterogeneity and volatile content of Earth's mantle, magmas and crust
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2021)
This thesis explores the volatile content of the mantle, subducted oceanic crust, and arc magmas as well as the structure of slow spreading ocean crust and the heterogeneity of Earth's upper mantle. In Chapter 2, I directly ...
New insights into the marine oxygen cycle from manganese oxide minerals and reactive oxygen species
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2020)
The redox cycling of oxygen between O₂, water, and intermediate redox states including hydrogen peroxide and superoxide, has profound impact on the availability and distribution of dissolved O₂, the habitability of the ...
Wave-driven geomorphology of Pacific carbonate coastlines : from landscape to wavelength scale
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2020)
The shallow marine ecosystems of coral atolls and the human communities they support are among the most vulnerable to anthropogenic climate change. Sea-level rise threatens to inundate low-lying reef islands, tropical ...
The role of zooplankton in regulating carbon export and phytoplankton community structure : integrating models and observations
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2021)
In this thesis, I explore two topics in plankton ecology with a combination of models and observations. First, I investigate the contribution of zooplankton diel vertical migration (DVM) to the vertical flux of carbon as ...
Coral reefs in the anthropocene ocean : novel insights from skeletal proxies of climate change, impacts, and resilience
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2021)
Anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases are driving rapid changes in ocean conditions. Shallow-water coral reefs are experiencing the brunt of these changes, including intensifying marine heatwaves (MHWs) and rapid ...