Gapped spin liquid with Z[subscript 2] topological order for the kagome Heisenberg model
Author(s)
Mei, Jia-Wei; Chen, Ji-Yao; He, Huan; Wen, Xiao-Gang
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Alternative title
Gapped spin liquid with Z2 topological order for the kagome Heisenberg model
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We apply the symmetric tensor network state (TNS) to study the nearest-neighbor spin-1/2 antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model on the kagome lattice. Our method keeps track of the global and gauge symmetries in the TNS update procedure and in tensor renormalization group (TRG) calculations. We also introduce a very sensitive probe for the gap of the ground state—the modular matrices, which can also determine the topological order if the ground state is gapped. We find that the ground state of the Heisenberg model on the kagome lattice is a gapped spin liquid with the Z[subscript 2] topological order (or toric code type), which has a long correlation length ξ∼10 unit cells. We justify that the TRG method can handle very large systems with thousands of spins. Such a long ξ explains the gapless behaviors observed in simulations on smaller systems with less than 300 spins or shorter than the length of 10 unit cells. We also discuss experimental implications of the topological excitations encoded in our symmetric tensors.
Date issued
2017-06Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of PhysicsJournal
Physical Review B
Publisher
American Physical Society
Citation
Mei, Jia-Wei et al. “Gapped Spin Liquid with Z 2 Topological Order for the Kagome Heisenberg Model.” Physical Review B 95.23 (2017): n. pag. © 2017 American Physical Society
Version: Final published version
ISSN
2469-9950
2469-9969