PixBric: Precision Morphological Control of Pre-Stretched Fabrics Through Tessellated Primitive Geometries

Abstract

3D printing patterns onto pre-stretched fabrics has emerged as a promising method for the rapid fabrication of self-shaping textiles. However, the influence of design parameters on morphing behavior remains insufficiently explored, often resulting in heuristic-driven decisions. This study introduces PixBric, a pixel-based textile methodology composed of primitive geometries designed to induce controlled morphing behaviors—such as undulation and bending—and mechanical properties including multistability. By parametrically adjusting geometry, thickness, and inter-pixel spacing, PixBric enables precise morphing outcomes. The framework includes a morphing simulation tool and a design chart linking geometric variables to deformation results. We also propose a streamlined fabrication protocol using biaxial pre-stretching with magnetic framing. These contributions establish a systematic design approach for the functional and interactive deployment of self-shaping textile structures.