Shaping suburbia: the one-and-a-half-century evolution of setback regulations in American neighbourhood development

Abstract

A comprehensive understanding of setback regulations is vital to American neighbourhood development and ongoing zoning reform efforts; however, the topic remains underexplored. By examining zoning codes, historical documents, norms, and development plans, this study traces the evolution of setback regulations from the 19th century to the present. The results map out the historical trajectory of setback regulations, highlight their evolving roles in shaping neighbourhood development, and synthesize the regulatory and dimensional trends. Building on the findings, insights are offered into the multifaceted roles of setbacks, the implications of identified historical periods, and recommendations for innovating future setback regulations.