Browsing MIT Open Access Articles by Title
Now showing items 18449-18468 of 56023
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Formation of large-area MoS2 thin films by oxygen-catalyzed sulfurization of Mo thin films
(American Vacuum Society, 2019-12)While transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) thin films are most commonly synthesized by vapor transport using solid metal oxide precursors, directly converting metal thin films to TMDs may be more scalable and controllable, ... -
The Formation of Magnetic Depletions and Flux Annihilation Due to Reconnection in the Heliosheath
(IOP Publishing, 2017-03)The misalignment of the solar rotation axis and the magnetic axis of the Sun produces a periodic reversal of the Parker spiral magnetic field and the sectored solar wind. The compression of the sectors is expected to lead ... -
Formation of mammalian erythrocytes: chromatin condensation and enucleation
(Elsevier, 2011-05)In all vertebrates, the cell nucleus becomes highly condensed and transcriptionally inactive during the final stages of red cell biogenesis. Enucleation, the process by which the nucleus is extruded by budding off from the ... -
The formation of massive, compact galaxies at z = 2 in the Illustris simulation
(Oxford University Press, 2015-03)Massive, quiescent galaxies at high redshift have been found to be considerably more compact than galaxies of similar mass in the local universe. How these compact galaxies formed has yet to be determined, though several ... -
Formation of Nanocrystalline and Amorphous Materials Causes Parallel Brittle‐Viscous Flow of Crustal Rocks: Experiments on Quartz‐Feldspar Aggregates
(American Geophysical Union (AGU), 2021-05)The brittle-viscous transition in the lithosphere occurs in a region where many large earthquakes nucleate. To study this transition, we sheared bimineralic aggregates with varying ratio of quartz and potassium feldspar. ... -
Formation of nanoparticles of blue haze enhanced by anthropogenic pollution
(National Academy of Sciences, 2009-10)The molecular processes leading to formation of nanoparticles of blue haze over forested areas are highly complex and not fully understood. We show that the interaction between biogenic organic acids and sulfuric acid ... -
Formation of ordered dolomite in anaerobic photosynthetic biofilms
(Geological Society of America, 2019-04)Dolomite enabled the preservation of fine microbial textures in some Archean and Proterozoic marine microbialites, but has rarely done so during the Phanerozoic. Here, we report precipitation of dolomite in anoxygenic ... -
Formation of organic molecular nanocrystals under rigid confinement with analysis by solid state NMR
(Royal Society of Chemistry, 2014-08)Crystallization in rigid confinement is a promising method to obtain organic molecular nanocrystals. However, the crystallization behavior and the related characterization methods are not well studied. Here we present a ... -
Formation of organic molecular nanocrystals under soft confinement
(Royal Society of Chemistry, The, 2016-08)Methods to produce nano-sized organic molecular crystals in thin films are of great interest in the pharmaceutical industry due to the potential benefit of increased solubility of poorly soluble drugs and the advantages ... -
Formation of ozone and growth of aerosols in young smoke plumes from biomass burning: 1. Lagrangian parcel studies
(American Geophysical Union, 2009-05)We have developed a new model of the gas- and aerosol-phase chemistry of biomass burning smoke plumes called Aerosol Simulation Program (ASP). Here we use ASP combined with a Lagrangian parcel model to simulate the chemistry ... -
Formation of Replicating Saponite from a Gel in the Presence of Oxalate: Implications for the Formation of Clay Minerals in Carbonaceous Chondrites and the Origin of Life
(Mary Ann Liebert, 2012-07)The potential role of clay minerals in the abiotic origin of life has been the subject of ongoing debate for the past several decades. At issue are the clay minerals found in a class of meteorites known as carbonaceous ... -
Formation of Secondary Organic Aerosol from the Direct Photolytic Generation of Organic Radicals
(American Chemical Society, 2011-05)The immense complexity inherent in the formation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA)—due primarily to the large number of oxidation steps and reaction pathways involved—has limited the detailed understanding of its underlying ... -
Formation of semivolatile inorganic aerosols in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area during the MILAGRO campaign
(Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union, 2011-12)One of the most challenging tasks for chemical transport models (CTMs) is the prediction of the formation and partitioning of the major semi-volatile inorganic aerosol components (nitrate, chloride, ammonium) between the ... -
The formation of super-Earths and mini-Neptunes with giant impacts
(Oxford University Press, 2015-02)The majority of discovered exoplanetary systems harbour a new class of planets, bodies that are typically several times more massive than the Earth but that orbit their host stars well inside the orbit of Mercury. The ... -
The formation of the milky way halo and its dwarf satellites: a NLTE-1D abundance analysis. IV. Segue 1, Triangulum ii , and Coma Berenices UFDs
(Oxford University Press (OUP), 2021)ABSTRACT We present atmospheric parameters and abundances for chemical elements from carbon to barium in metal-poor stars in Segue 1 (seven stars), Coma Berenices (three stars), and Triangulum ii (one star) ultrafaint ... -
Formation of ultracold fermionic NaLi Feshbach molecules
(American Physical Society, 2012-08)We describe the formation of fermionic NaLi Feshbach molecules from an ultracold mixture of bosonic [superscript 23]Na and fermionic [superscript 6]Li. Precise magnetic field sweeps across a narrow Feshbach resonance at ... -
Formation of Y[subscript 2]O[subscript 3] nanoclusters in nanostructured ferritic alloys during isothermal and anisothermal heat treatment: A kinetic Monte Carlo study
(American Physical Society, 2009-10)Kinetic Monte Carlo simulations, based on parameters obtained with density-functional theory in the local-density approximation and experimental data, are used to study bulk precipitation of Y[subscript 2]O[subscript 3] ... -
Formation of Zerovalent Iron in Iron-Reducing Cultures of Methanosarcina barkeri
(American Chemical Society (ACS), 2020)© 2020 American Chemical Society. Methanogenic archaea have been shown to reduce iron from ferric [Fe(III)] to ferrous [Fe(II)] state, but minerals that form during iron reduction by different methanogens remain to be ... -
Formation of Zerovalent Iron in Iron-Reducing Cultures of Methanosarcina barkeri
(American Chemical Society (ACS), 2020)© 2020 American Chemical Society. Methanogenic archaea have been shown to reduce iron from ferric [Fe(III)] to ferrous [Fe(II)] state, but minerals that form during iron reduction by different methanogens remain to be ... -
Formation, migration, and clustering of delocalized vacancies and interstitials at a solid-state semicoherent interface
(American Physical Society, 2012-05)Atomistic simulations are used to study the formation, migration, and clustering of delocalized vacancies and interstitials at a model fcc-bcc semicoherent interface formed by adjacent layers of Cu and Nb. These defects ...
