Millisecond-Timescale Optical Control of Neural Dynamics in the Nonhuman Primate Brain
Author(s)
Han, Xue; Qian, Xiaofeng; Bernstein, Jacob G.; Zhou, Huihui; Talei Franzesi, Giovanni; Stern, Patrick; Bronson, Roderick T.; Desimone, Robert; Graybiel, Ann M; Boyden, Edward; ... Show more Show less
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To understand how brain states and behaviors are generated by neural circuits, it would be useful to be able to perturb precisely the activity of specific cell types and pathways in the nonhuman primate nervous system. We used lentivirus to target the light-activated cation channel channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) specifically to excitatory neurons of the macaque frontal cortex. Using a laser-coupled optical fiber in conjunction with a recording microelectrode, we showed that activation of excitatory neurons resulted in well-timed excitatory and suppressive influences on neocortical neural networks. ChR2 was safely expressed, and could mediate optical neuromodulation, in primate neocortex over many months. These findings highlight a methodology for investigating the causal role of specific cell types in nonhuman primate neural computation, cognition, and behavior, and open up the possibility of a new generation of ultraprecise neurological and psychiatric therapeutics via cell-type-specific optical neural control prosthetics.
Date issued
2009-04Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Synthetic Neurobiology Group; Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biological Engineering; Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences; Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Media Laboratory; McGovern Institute for Brain Research at MIT; Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MITJournal
Neuron
Publisher
Elsevier B.V.
Citation
Han, Xue et al. “Millisecond-Timescale Optical Control of Neural Dynamics in the Nonhuman Primate Brain.” Neuron 62.2 (2009): 191–198. Web.
Version: Author's final manuscript
ISSN
0896-6273
1097-4199