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Platinum-Alloy Cathode Catalyst Degradation in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells: Nanometer-Scale Compositional and Morphological Changes

Author(s)
Chen, Shuo; Gasteiger, Hubert A.; Hayakawa, Katsuichiro; Tada, Tomoyuki; Shao-Horn, Yang
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Abstract
Electrochemical measurements showed an ≈75% Pt surface area loss and an ≈40% specific activity loss for a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) cathode with acid-treated “Pt[subscript 3]Co ” catalyst particles in a H[subscript 2]/N[subscript 2] proton exchange membrane fuel cell after 24h voltage cycling between 0.65 and 1.05V vs reversible hydrogen electrode. Transmission electron microscopy, scanning transmission electron microscopy, associated X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy, and high angle annular dark-field techniques were used to probe the microstructural changes of the MEA cathode and the compositional changes along the MEA cathode thickness and within individual Pt[subscript x]Co nanoparticles before and after voltage cycling. Further Co dissolution from acid-treated Pt[subscript x]Co particles that leads to an increased thickness of a Pt-enriched surface layer and the development of core/shell Pt[subscript x]Co particles was largely responsible for the reduction in the specific activity of Pt[subscript x]Co nanoparticle after potential cycling. The Pt weight loss associated with the formation of Pt crystallites near the cathode/membrane interface largely contributed to the measured electrochemical surface area loss, while particle growth of the Pt[subscript x]Co particles via Ostwald ripening played a lesser role.
Date issued
2009-11
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/79691
Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Mechanical Engineering
Journal
Journal of The Electrochemical Society
Publisher
The Electrochemical Society
Citation
Chen, Shuo, Hubert A. Gasteiger, Katsuichiro Hayakawa, Tomoyuki Tada, and Yang Shao-Horn. Platinum-Alloy Cathode Catalyst Degradation in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells: Nanometer-Scale Compositional and Morphological Changes. Journal of The Electrochemical Society 157, no. 1 (2009): A82. © 2009 ECS - The Electrochemical Society
Version: Final published version
ISSN
00134651
1945-7111

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