Ultracold Dipolar Gas of Fermionic [superscript 23]Na[superscript 40]K Molecules in Their Absolute Ground State

Abstract

We report on the creation of an ultracold dipolar gas of fermionic [superscript 23]Na[superscript 40]Kmolecules in their absolute rovibrational and hyperfine ground state. Starting from weakly bound Feshbach molecules, we demonstrate hyperfine resolved two-photon transfer into the singlet X[superscript 1]Σ[superscript +]|v = 0,J = 0⟩ ground state, coherently bridging a binding energy difference of 0.65 eV via stimulated rapid adiabatic passage. The spin-polarized, nearly quantum degenerate molecular gas displays a lifetime longer than 2.5 s, highlighting NaK’s stability against two-body chemical reactions. A homogeneous electric field is applied to induce a dipole moment of up to 0.8 D. With these advances, the exploration of many-body physics with strongly dipolar Fermi gases of [superscript 23]Na[superscript 40]K molecules is within experimental reach.