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dc.contributor.authorYang, Zhongwei
dc.contributor.authorLiu, Ying D.
dc.contributor.authorRichardson, John D.
dc.contributor.authorLu, Quanming
dc.contributor.authorHuang, Can
dc.contributor.authorWang, Rui
dc.date.accessioned2015-11-24T20:50:10Z
dc.date.available2015-11-24T20:50:10Z
dc.date.issued2015-08
dc.date.submitted2015-04
dc.identifier.issn1538-4357
dc.identifier.issn0004-637X
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/100050
dc.description.abstractVoyager 2 (V2) observed multiple crossings of the heliospheric termination shock (TS) on 2007 August 31–September 1 at a distance of 84 AU from the Sun. Here, for the first time, we present two-dimensional particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations of the TS self-consistently including pickup ions (PUIs), and compare the simulation results with V2 observations. We find that (1) PUIs play a key role in the energy dissipation of the TS, and most of the incident ion kinetic energy is transferred to the thermal energy of PUIs. The PIC simulation indicates that, for the upstream parameters chosen for V2 conditions, the density of PUIs is about 25% and the PUIs gain the largest fraction (approximately 86.6%) of downstream thermal pressure. (2) The simulated heliosheath ion distribution function is a superposition of a cold core formed by transmitted solar wind ions (SWIs), with the shoulders contributed by the hot reflected SWIs and directly transmitted PUIs, and the wings of the distribution dominated by the very hot reflected PUIs. The V2 Faraday cups observed the cool core of the distribution, and so they only saw the tip of the iceberg. (3) The nonstationarity of the shock front is mainly caused by ripples along the shock front which form even if the percentage of PUIs is high. These simulation results agree reasonably well with the V2 experimental data. The relevance of the shock front ripples to the multiple TS crossings observed by V2 is also discussed in this paper.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipNational Natural Science Foundation (China) (Grant 41204106)en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipNational Natural Science Foundation (China) (Grant 41374173)en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipChina. Recruitment Program of Global Expertsen_US
dc.description.sponsorshipState Key Laboratories of China (Specialized Research Fund Y32612A24S)en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipState Key Laboratories of China (Specialized Research Fund Y5262AA52S)en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipShanghai Science Foundation (12ZR1451500)en_US
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherIOP Publishingen_US
dc.relation.isversionofhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/809/1/28en_US
dc.rightsArticle is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use.en_US
dc.sourceIOP Publishingen_US
dc.titleIMPACT OF PICKUP IONS ON THE SHOCK FRONT NONSTATIONARITY AND ENERGY DISSIPATION OF THE HELIOSPHERIC TERMINATION SHOCK: TWO-DIMENSIONAL FULL PARTICLE SIMULATIONS AND COMPARISON WITH VOYAGER 2 OBSERVATIONSen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
dc.identifier.citationYang, Zhongwei, Ying D. Liu, John D. Richardson, Quanming Lu, Can Huang, and Rui Wang. “IMPACT OF PICKUP IONS ON THE SHOCK FRONT NONSTATIONARITY AND ENERGY DISSIPATION OF THE HELIOSPHERIC TERMINATION SHOCK: TWO-DIMENSIONAL FULL PARTICLE SIMULATIONS AND COMPARISON WITH VOYAGER 2 OBSERVATIONS.” The Astrophysical Journal 809, no. 1 (August 5, 2015): 28. © 2015 The American Astronomical Societyen_US
dc.contributor.departmentMIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Researchen_US
dc.contributor.mitauthorRichardson, John D.en_US
dc.relation.journalThe Astrophysical Journalen_US
dc.eprint.versionFinal published versionen_US
dc.type.urihttp://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticleen_US
eprint.statushttp://purl.org/eprint/status/PeerRevieweden_US
dspace.orderedauthorsYang, Zhongwei; Liu, Ying D.; Richardson, John D.; Lu, Quanming; Huang, Can; Wang, Ruien_US
mit.licensePUBLISHER_POLICYen_US
mit.metadata.statusComplete


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