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dc.contributor.authorLiu, Ying D.
dc.contributor.authorHu, Huidong
dc.contributor.authorLuhmann, Janet G.
dc.contributor.authorYang, Zhongwei
dc.contributor.authorWang, Rui
dc.contributor.authorWang, Chi, 1967-
dc.contributor.authorRichardson, John D.
dc.date.accessioned2017-04-21T22:31:20Z
dc.date.available2017-04-21T22:31:20Z
dc.date.issued2016-02
dc.date.submitted2015-11
dc.identifier.issn1538-4365
dc.identifier.issn0067-0049
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/108370
dc.description.abstractAs a follow-up study on Sun-to-Earth propagation of fast coronal mass ejections (CMEs), we examine the Sun-to-Earth characteristics of slow CMEs combining heliospheric imaging and in situ observations. Three events of particular interest, the 2010 June 16, 2011 March 25, and 2012 September 25 CMEs, are selected for this study. We compare slow CMEs with fast and intermediate-speed events, and obtain key results complementing the attempt of Liu et al. to create a general picture of CME Sun-to-Earth propagation: (1) the Sun-to-Earth propagation of a typical slow CME can be approximately described by two phases, a gradual acceleration out to about 20–30 solar radii, followed by a nearly invariant speed around the average solar wind level; (2) comparison between different types of CMEs indicates that faster CMEs tend to accelerate and decelerate more rapidly and have shorter cessation distances for the acceleration and deceleration; (3) both intermediate-speed and slow CMEs would have speeds comparable to the average solar wind level before reaching 1 au; (4) slow CMEs have a high potential to interact with other solar wind structures in the Sun–Earth space due to their slow motion, providing critical ingredients to enhance space weather; and (5) the slow CMEs studied here lack strong magnetic fields at the Earth but tend to preserve a flux-rope structure with an axis generally perpendicular to the radial direction from the Sun. We also suggest a "best" strategy for the application of a triangulation concept in determining CME Sun-to-Earth kinematics, which helps to clarify confusions about CME geometry assumptions in the triangulation and to improve CME analysis and observations.en_US
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherIOP Publishingen_US
dc.relation.isversionofhttp://dx.doi.org/10.3847/0067-0049/222/2/23en_US
dc.rightsArticle is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use.en_US
dc.sourceIOP Publishingen_US
dc.titleON SUN-TO-EARTH PROPAGATION OF CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS: II. SLOW EVENTS AND COMPARISON WITH OTHERSen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
dc.identifier.citationLiu, Ying D., Huidong Hu, Chi Wang, Janet G. Luhmann, John D. Richardson, Zhongwei Yang, and Rui Wang. “ON SUN-TO-EARTH PROPAGATION OF CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS: II. SLOW EVENTS AND COMPARISON WITH OTHERS.” The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 222, no. 2 (February 25, 2016): 23. © 2016 The American Astronomical Societyen_US
dc.contributor.departmentMIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Researchen_US
dc.contributor.mitauthorRichardson, John D
dc.relation.journalAstrophysical Journal Supplement Seriesen_US
dc.eprint.versionFinal published versionen_US
dc.type.urihttp://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticleen_US
eprint.statushttp://purl.org/eprint/status/PeerRevieweden_US
dspace.orderedauthorsLiu, Ying D.; Hu, Huidong; Wang, Chi; Luhmann, Janet G.; Richardson, John D.; Yang, Zhongwei; Wang, Ruien_US
dspace.embargo.termsNen_US
mit.licensePUBLISHER_POLICYen_US
mit.metadata.statusComplete


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