Exporting and Firm Performance: Evidence from a Randomized Experiment
Author(s)
Khandelwal, Amit K.; Osman, Adam; Atkin, David G
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We conduct a randomized experiment that generates exogenous variation in the access to foreign markets for rug producers in Egypt. Combined with detailed survey data, we causally identify the impact of exporting on firm performance. Treatment firms report 16–26% higher profits and exhibit large improvements in quality alongside reductions in output per hour relative to control firms. These findings do not simply reflect firms being offered higher margins to manufacture high-quality products that take longer to produce. Instead, we find evidence of learning-by-exporting whereby exporting improves technical efficiency. First, treatment firms have higher productivity and quality after controlling for rug specifications. Second, when asked to produce an identical domestic rug using the same inputs and same capital equipment, treatment firms produce higher quality rugs despite no difference in production time. Third, treatment firms exhibit learning curves over time. Finally, we document knowledge transfers with quality increasing most along the specific dimensions that the knowledge pertained to. JEL Codes: F10, F14, D24.
Date issued
2017-02Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of EconomicsJournal
The Quarterly Journal of Economics
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Citation
Atkin, David et al. “Exporting and Firm Performance: Evidence from a Randomized Experiment.” The Quarterly Journal of Economics 132, 2 (February 2017): 551–615 © 2017 The Authors
Version: Final published version
ISSN
0033-5533
1531-4650