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Cas13b Is a Type VI-B CRISPR-Associated RNA-Guided RNase Differentially Regulated by Accessory Proteins Csx27 and Csx28

Author(s)
Shmakov, Sergey; Makarova, Kira S.; Koonin, Eugene V.; Smargon, Aaron Andrew; Cox, David Benjamin Turitz; Pyzocha, Neena; Zheng, Kaijie; Slaymaker, Ian; Gootenberg, Jonathan S; Abudayyeh, Omar Osama; Essletzbichler, Patrick; Zhang, Feng; ... Show more Show less
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Abstract
CRISPR-Cas adaptive immune systems defend microbes against foreign nucleic acids via RNA-guided endonucleases. Using a computational sequence database mining approach, we identify two class 2 CRISPR-Cas systems (subtype VI-B) that lack Cas1 and Cas2 and encompass a single large effector protein, Cas13b, along with one of two previously uncharacterized associated proteins, Csx27 and Csx28. We establish that these CRISPR-Cas systems can achieve RNA interference when heterologously expressed. Through a combination of biochemical and genetic experiments, we show that Cas13b processes its own CRISPR array with short and long direct repeats, cleaves target RNA, and exhibits collateral RNase activity. Using an E. coli essential gene screen, we demonstrate that Cas13b has a double-sided protospacer-flanking sequence and elucidate RNA secondary structure requirements for targeting. We also find that Csx27 represses, whereas Csx28 enhances, Cas13b-mediated RNA interference. Characterization of these CRISPR systems creates opportunities to develop tools to manipulate and monitor cellular transcripts.
Date issued
2017-01
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/114034
Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biological Engineering; Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biology; Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences; Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science; McGovern Institute for Brain Research at MIT
Journal
Molecular Cell
Publisher
Elsevier
Citation
Smargon, Aaron A. et al. “Cas13b Is a Type VI-B CRISPR-Associated RNA-Guided RNase Differentially Regulated by Accessory Proteins Csx27 and Csx28.” Molecular Cell 65, 4 (February 2017): 618–630 © 2017 Elsevier
Version: Author's final manuscript
ISSN
1097-2765
1097-4164

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