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General theory of spontaneous emission near exceptional points

Author(s)
Pick, Adi; Miller, Owen D.; Hsu, Chia W.; Rodriguez, Alejandro W.; Zhen, Bo; Hernandez, Felipe; Soljacic, Marin; Johnson, Steven G; ... Show more Show less
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Abstract
We present a general theory of spontaneous emission at exceptional points (EPs)- exotic degeneracies in non-Hermitian systems. Our theory extends beyond spontaneous emission to any light-matter interaction described by the local density of states (e.g., absorption, thermal emission, and nonlinear frequency conversion). Whereas traditional spontaneous-emission theories imply infinite enhancement factors at EPs, we derive finite bounds on the enhancement, proving maximum enhancement of 4 in passive systems with second-order EPs and significantly larger enhancements (exceeding 400×) in gain-aided and higher-order EP systems. In contrast to non-degenerate resonances, which are typically associated with Lorentzian emission curves in systems with low losses, EPs are associated with non-Lorentzian lineshapes, leading to enhancements that scale nonlinearly with the resonance quality factor. Our theory can be applied to dispersive media, with proper normalization of the resonant modes.
Date issued
2017-05
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/115585
Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Mathematics; Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics; Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Research Laboratory of Electronics
Journal
Optics Express
Publisher
The Optical Society
Citation
Pick, Adi, et al. “General Theory of Spontaneous Emission near Exceptional Points.” Optics Express, vol. 25, no. 11, May 2017, p. 12325.
Version: Author's final manuscript
ISSN
1094-4087

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