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Colloquium: Zoo of quantum-topological phases of matter

Author(s)
Wen, Xiao-Gang
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Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use.

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Abstract
What are topological phases of matter? First, they are phases of matter at zero temperature. Second, they have a nonzero energy gap for the excitations above the ground state. Third, they are disordered liquids that seem to have no feature. But those disordered liquids actually can have rich patterns of many-body entanglement representing new kinds of order. This Colloquium gives a simple introduction and a brief survey of topological phases of matter. First topological phases with topological order (i.e., with long-range entanglement) are discussed. Then topological phases without topological order (i.e., with short-range entanglement) are covered.
Date issued
2017-12
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/117105
Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics
Journal
Reviews of Modern Physics
Publisher
American Physical Society (APS)
Citation
Wen, Xiao-Gang. “Colloquium : Zoo of Quantum-Topological Phases of Matter.” Reviews of Modern Physics, vol. 89, no. 4, Dec. 2017. © 2017 American Physical Society
Version: Final published version
ISSN
0034-6861
1539-0756

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