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Gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase expression by Helicobacter saguini, an enterohepatic Helicobacter species isolated from cotton top tamarins with chronic colitis

Author(s)
Mannion, Anthony; Shen, Zeli; Feng, Yan; Artim, Stephen C.; Ravindra, Kodihalli; Ge, Zhongming; Fox, James G.; ... Show more Show less
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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
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Abstract
Background: Helicobacter saguini is a novel enterohepatic Helicobacter species isolated from captive cotton top tamarins with chronic colitis and colon cancer. Monoassociated H. saguini infection in gnotobiotic IL-10 −/− mice causes typhlocolitis and dysplasia; however, the virulent mechanisms of this species are unknown. Gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) is an enzymatic virulence factor expressed by pathogenic Helicobacter and Campylobacter species that inhibits host cellular proliferation and promotes inflammatory-mediated gastrointestinal pathology. The aim of this study was to determine if H. saguini expresses an enzymatically active GGT homologue with virulence properties. Experimental procedures: Two putative GGT paralogs (HSGGT1 and HSGGT2) identified in the H. saguini genome were bioinformatically analysed to predict enzymatic functionality and virulence potential. An isogenic knockout mutant strain and purified recombinant protein of HSGGT1 were created to study enzymatic activity and virulence properties by in vitro biochemical and cell culture experiments. Results: Bioinformatic analysis predicted that HSGGT1 has enzymatic functionality and is most similar to the virulent homologue expressed by Helicobacter bilis, whereas HSGGT2 contains putatively inactivating mutations. An isogenic knockout mutant strain and recombinant HSGGT1 protein were successfully created and demonstrated that H. saguini has GGT enzymatic activity. Recombinant HSGGT1 protein and sonicate from wild-type but not mutant H. saguini inhibited gastrointestinal epithelial and lymphocyte cell proliferation without evidence of cell death. The antiproliferative effect by H. saguini sonicate or recombinant HSGGT1 protein could be significantly prevented with glutamine supplementation or the GGT-selective inhibitor acivicin. Recombinant HSGGT1 protein also induced proinflammatory gene expression in colon epithelial cells. Conclusions: This study shows that H. saguini may express GGT as a potential virulence factor and supports further in vitro and in vitro studies into how GGT expression by enterohepatic Helicobacter species influences the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal inflammatory diseases.
Date issued
2018-11-14
URI
https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/124800
Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Division of Comparative Medicine; Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biological Engineering
Journal
Cellular microbiology
Publisher
Wiley
Citation
Mannion, Anthony et al. “Gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase expression by Helicobacter saguini, an enterohepatic Helicobacter species isolated from cotton top tamarins with chronic colitis.” Cellular microbiology 21 (2019): e12968 © 2019 The Author(s)
Version: Final published version
ISSN
1462-5814
Keywords
Immunology, Microbiology, Virology

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