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Machine-learning mesoscale and submesoscale surface dynamics from lagrangian ocean drifter trajectories

Author(s)
Aksamit, Nikolas O.; Sapsis, Themistoklis Panagiotis; Haller, George
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Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use.
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Abstract
Lagrangian ocean drifters provide highly accurate approximations of ocean surface currents but are sparsely located across the globe. As drifters passively follow ocean currents, there is minimal control on where they will be making measurements, providing limited temporal coverage for a given region. Complementary Eulerian velocity data are available with global coverage but are themselveslimited by the spatial and temporal resolution possible with satellite altimetry measurements. In addition, altimetry measurements approximate geostrophic components of ocean currents but neglect smaller submesoscale motions and require smoothing and interpolation from raw satellite track measurements. In an effort to harness the rich dynamics available in ocean drifter datasets, we have trained a recurrent neural network on the time history of drifter motion to minimize the error in a reduced-order Maxey–Riley drifter model. This approach relies on a slow-manifold approximation to determine the most mathematically relevant variables with which to train, subsequently improving the temporal and spatial resolution of the underlying velocity field. By adding this neural-network component, we also correct drifter trajectories near submesoscale features missed by deterministic models using only satellite and wind reanalysis data. The effect of varying similarity between training and testing trajectory datasets for the blended model was evaluated, as was the effect of seasonality in the Gulf of Mexico. ©2020 American Meteorological Society.
Date issued
2020-04
URI
https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/127192
Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Mechanical Engineering
Journal
Journal of Physical Oceanography
Publisher
American Meteorological Society
Citation
Aksamit, Nikolas O. et al., "Machine-Learning Mesoscale and Submesoscale Surface Dynamics from Lagrangian Ocean Drifter Trajectories." Journal of Physical Oceanography 50, 5 (May 2020): 1179–96 doi. 10.1175/JPO-D-19-0238.1 ©2020 Authors
Version: Final published version
ISSN
1520-0485

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