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A rapidly deployable individualized system for augmenting ventilator capacity

Author(s)
Srinivasan, Shriya Sruthi; Ramadi, Khalil; Vicario, Francesco; Gwynne, Declan A; Hayward, Alison M; Lagier, David; Langer, Robert S; Frassica, Joseph J.; Baron, Rebecca M.; Traverso, Carlo Giovanni; ... Show more Show less
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Abstract
Strategies to split ventilators to support multiple patients requiring ventilatory support have been proposed and used in emergency cases in which shortages of ventilators cannot otherwise be remedied by production or procurement strategies. However, the current approaches to ventilator sharing lack the ability to individualize ventilation to each patient, measure pulmonary mechanics, and accommodate rebalancing of the airflow when one patient improves or deteriorates, posing safety concerns to patients. Potential cross-contamination, lack of alarms, insufficient monitoring, and inability to adapt to sudden changes in patient status have prevented widespread acceptance of ventilator sharing. We have developed an individualized system for augmenting ventilator efficacy (iSAVE) as a rapidly deployable platform that uses a single ventilator to simultaneously and more safely support two individuals. The iSAVE enables individual-specific volume and pressure control and the rebalancing of ventilation in response to improvement or deterioration in an individual's respiratory status. The iSAVE incorporates mechanisms to measure pulmonary mechanics, mitigate cross-contamination and backflow, and accommodate sudden flow changes due to individual interdependencies within the respiratory circuit. We demonstrate these capacities through validation using closed- and open-circuit ventilators on linear test lungs. We show that the iSAVE can temporarily ventilate two pigs on one ventilator as efficaciously as each pig on its own ventilator. By leveraging off-the-shelf medical components, the iSAVE could rapidly expand the ventilation capacity of health care facilities during emergency situations such as pandemics.
Date issued
2020-05
URI
https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/130989
Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Mechanical Engineering; Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Chemical Engineering; Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Institute for Medical Engineering & Science; Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT
Journal
Science Translational Medicine
Publisher
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Citation
Srinivasan, Shriya S. et al. "A rapidly deployable individualized system for augmenting ventilator capacity." Science Translational Medicine 12, 549 (May 2020): eabb9401. © 2020 The Authors
Version: Author's final manuscript
ISSN
1946-6234
1946-6242

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