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dc.contributor.authorDuffy, Margaret L
dc.contributor.authorO’Gorman, Paul A
dc.contributor.authorBack, Larissa E
dc.date.accessioned2021-10-27T19:56:52Z
dc.date.available2021-10-27T19:56:52Z
dc.date.issued2020
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/133829
dc.description.abstract<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Several physical mechanisms have been proposed for projected changes in mean precipitation in the tropics under climate warming. In particular, the “wet-get-wetter” mechanism describes an amplification of the pattern of precipitation in a moister atmosphere, and the “warmer-get-wetter” mechanism describes enhanced upward motion and precipitation in regions where the increase in SST exceeds the tropical-mean increase. Studies of the current climate have shown that surface convergence over the tropical oceans is largely driven by horizontal gradients of low-level temperature, but the influence of these gradients on the precipitation response under climate warming has received little attention. Here, a simple model is applied to give a decomposition of changes in precipitation over tropical oceans in twenty-first-century climate model projections. The wet-get-wetter mechanism and changes in surface convergence are found to be of widespread importance, whereas the warmer-get-wetter mechanism is primarily limited to negative anomalies in the tropical southern Pacific. Furthermore, surface convergence is linked to gradients of boundary layer temperature using an atmospheric mixed layer model. Changes in surface convergence are found to be strongly related to changes in the Laplacian of boundary layer virtual temperature, and, to a lesser extent, the Laplacian of SST. Taken together, these results suggest that a “Laplacian-of-warming” mechanism is of comparable importance to wet get wetter and warmer get wetter for the response of precipitation to climate change over tropical oceans.</jats:p>en_US
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherAmerican Meteorological Societyen_US
dc.relation.isversionof10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0365.1en_US
dc.rightsArticle is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use.en_US
dc.sourceAmerican Meteorological Society (AMS)en_US
dc.titleImportance of Laplacian of low-level warming for the response of precipitation to climate change over tropical oceansen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
dc.relation.journalJournal of Climateen_US
dc.eprint.versionFinal published versionen_US
dc.type.urihttp://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticleen_US
eprint.statushttp://purl.org/eprint/status/PeerRevieweden_US
dc.date.updated2021-09-17T16:41:57Z
dspace.orderedauthorsDuffy, ML; O’Gorman, PA; Back, LEen_US
dspace.date.submission2021-09-17T16:41:59Z
mit.journal.volume33en_US
mit.journal.issue10en_US
mit.licensePUBLISHER_POLICY
mit.metadata.statusAuthority Work and Publication Information Neededen_US
mit.metadata.statusAuthority Work and Publication Information Needed


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