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Reduction of Nonspecificity Motifs in Synthetic Antibody Libraries

Author(s)
Kelly, Ryan L; Le, Doris; Zhao, Jessie; Wittrup, K Dane
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Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
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Abstract
© 2017 Elsevier Ltd Successful antibody development requires both functional binding and desirable biophysical characteristics. In the current study, we analyze the causes of one hurdle to clinical development, off-target reactivity, or nonspecificity. We used a high-throughput nonspecificity assay to isolate panels of nonspecific antibodies from two synthetic single-chain variable fragment libraries expressed on the surface of yeast, identifying both individual amino acids and motifs within the complementarity-determining regions which contribute to the phenotype. We find enrichment of glycine, valine, and arginine as both individual amino acids and as a part of motifs, and additionally enrichment of motifs containing tryptophan. Insertion of any of these motifs into the complementarity-determining region H3 of a “clean” antibody increased its nonspecificity, with greatest increases in antibodies containing Trp or Val motifs. We next applied these rules to the creation of a synthetic diversity library based on natural frameworks with significantly decreased incorporation of such motifs and demonstrated its ability to isolate binders to a wide panel of antigens. This work both provides a greater understanding of the drivers of nonspecificity and provides design rules to increase efficiency in the isolation of antibodies with drug-like properties.
Date issued
2018
URI
https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/134710
Department
Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT; Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Chemical Engineering; Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biological Engineering
Journal
Journal of Molecular Biology
Publisher
Elsevier BV

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