Drop impact on hairy surfaces

Abstract

We investigate the impact of liquid drops on millimeter-scale hairy surfaces. By varying the speed of the drop, the spacing of the hairs, and the viscosity of the liquid, we observe a variety of behaviors. In some cases, the liquid drop can remain on top of the hair after impact, similar to a Cassie-Baxter superhydrophobic state. If the drop penetrates the hairy surface, the hairs can resist droplet spreading. Using this scenario as a reference case, we rationalize the role of the hairs in dissipating the kinetic energy of the impacting drop through a balance of inertia, viscosity, and surface tension. The various observed behaviors are classified according to scenarios in which kinetic energy is insufficient or in excess of this reference scenario, an argument that allows us to build and rationalize a phase diagram.