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Floquet prethermalization in dipolar spin chains

Author(s)
Peng, P; Yin, C; Huang, X; Ramanathan, C; Cappellaro, P
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Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use.
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Abstract
© 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited. Periodically driven Floquet quantum systems could provide a promising platform to investigate novel physics out of equilibrium1, but the drive generically heats the system to a featureless infinite-temperature state2–4. Fortunately, for high driving frequency, the heat absorption rate has been theoretically predicted to be exponentially small, giving rise to a long-lived prethermal regime that exhibits all the intriguing properties of Floquet systems5–8. Here we experimentally observe Floquet prethermalization using NMR techniques and probe the heating rate. We first show the relaxation of a far-from-equilibrium initial state to a long-lived prethermal state, well described by a time-independent ‘prethermal’ Hamiltonian. By measuring the autocorrelation of this prethermal Hamiltonian we can further experimentally confirm the predicted exponentially slow heating rate. More strikingly, we find that, on the timescale at which the prethermal Hamiltonian picture breaks down, the Floquet system still possesses other quasiconservation laws. Our results demonstrate that it is possible to realize robust Floquet engineering, thus enabling the experimental observation of non-trivial Floquet phases of matter.
Date issued
2021-01-01
URI
https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/135373
Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science; Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Research Laboratory of Electronics; Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering
Journal
Nature Physics
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC

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