Show simple item record

dc.contributor.authorMasri, Shahir
dc.contributor.authorMiller, Claudia S.
dc.contributor.authorPalmer, Raymond F.
dc.contributor.authorAshford, Nicholas
dc.date.accessioned2022-06-07T13:29:58Z
dc.date.available2021-11-01T14:33:32Z
dc.date.available2022-06-07T13:29:58Z
dc.date.issued2021-05
dc.date.submitted2021-02
dc.identifier.issn2190-4707
dc.identifier.issn2190-4715
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/136811.2
dc.description.abstractAbstract Background Despite 15–36% of the U.S. population reporting Chemical Intolerances (CI) or sensitivity, the condition has been overlooked in medicine and public health. CI is characterized by multisystem symptoms and new-onset intolerances that develop in a subset of individuals following a major chemical exposure event or repeated low-level exposures. While Toxicant-Induced Loss of Tolerance (TILT) is a two-stage disease mechanism proposed to explain CI, less is known about the exposures that initiate the disease, than about the intolerances that have been documented. Methods We reviewed eight major exposure events that preceded onset of chemical intolerance in groups of individuals sharing the same exposure. Our goal was to identify the chemicals and/or groups of chemicals that were most pervasive during each exposure event as well as identify the concentrations of key chemicals involved in each exposure event and the proportions of exposed individuals who ultimately developed TILT following exposure. Case studies we selected for review included (1) workers at U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) headquarters during renovations; (2) Gulf War veterans; (3) pesticide exposure among casino workers; (4) exposure to aircraft oil fumes; (5) the World Trade Center tragedy; (6) surgical implants; (7) moldy environments; and (8) tunnel workers exposed to solvents. Results Mixed volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds (VOCs and SVOCs), followed by pesticides and combustion products were most prevalent across TILT initiation events. As a broader category, synthetic organic chemicals and their combustion products were the primary exposures associated with chemical intolerance. Such chemicals included pesticides, peroxides, nerve agents, anti-nerve agent drugs, lubricants and additives, xylene, benzene, and acetone. Conclusion A select group of exposures were predominant in several major initiating events, suggesting their potential role in TILT initiation. Such insights are useful to public health scientists, physicians, and policymakers seeking to minimize harmful exposures and prevent future disease.en_US
dc.publisherSpringer Science and Business Media LLCen_US
dc.relation.isversionofhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12302-021-00504-zen_US
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attributionen_US
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en_US
dc.sourceSpringer Berlin Heidelbergen_US
dc.titleToxicant-induced loss of tolerance for chemicals, foods, and drugs: assessing patterns of exposure behind a global phenomenonen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
dc.identifier.citationEnvironmental Sciences Europe. 2021 May 27;33(1):65en_US
dc.contributor.departmentMassachusetts Institute of Technology. Sociotechnical Systems Research Center
dc.relation.journalEnvironmental Sciences Europeen_US
dc.eprint.versionFinal published versionen_US
dc.type.urihttp://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticleen_US
eprint.statushttp://purl.org/eprint/status/PeerRevieweden_US
dc.date.updated2021-05-30T03:19:21Z
dc.language.rfc3066en
dc.rights.holderThe Author(s)
dspace.embargo.termsN
dspace.date.submission2021-05-30T03:19:21Z
mit.journal.volume33en_US
mit.journal.issue1en_US
mit.licensePUBLISHER_CC
mit.metadata.statusAuthority Work Neededen_US


Files in this item

Thumbnail

This item appears in the following Collection(s)

Show simple item record

VersionItemDateSummary

*Selected version