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dc.contributor.authorYu, Kunhao
dc.contributor.authorFeng, Zhangzhengrong
dc.contributor.authorDu, Haixu
dc.contributor.authorXin, An
dc.contributor.authorLee, Kyung Hoon
dc.contributor.authorLi, Ketian
dc.contributor.authorSu, Yipin
dc.contributor.authorWang, Qiming
dc.contributor.authorFang, Nicholas X.
dc.contributor.authorDaraio, Chiara
dc.date.accessioned2022-06-03T20:44:43Z
dc.date.available2021-12-17T19:27:03Z
dc.date.available2022-06-03T20:44:43Z
dc.date.issued2021-01
dc.date.submitted2020-08
dc.identifier.issn0027-8424
dc.identifier.issn1091-6490
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/138722.2
dc.description.abstract© 2021 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. The mechanical properties of engineering structures continuously weaken during service life because of material fatigue or degradation. By contrast, living organisms are able to strengthen their mechanical properties by regenerating parts of their structures. For example, plants strengthen their cell structures by transforming photosynthesis-produced glucose into stiff polysaccharides. In this work, we realize hybrid materials that use photosynthesis of embedded chloroplasts to remodel their microstructures. These materials can be used to three-dimensionally (3D)-print functional structures, which are endowed with matrix-strengthening and crack healing when exposed to white light. The mechanism relies on a 3D-printable polymer that allows for an additional cross-linking reaction with photosynthesis-produced glucose in the material bulk or on the interface. The remodeling behavior can be suspended by freezing chloroplasts, regulated by mechanical preloads, and reversed by environmental cues. This work opens the door for the design of hybrid synthetic-living materials, for applications such as smart composites, lightweight structures, and soft robotics.en_US
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherNational Academy of Sciencesen_US
dc.relation.isversionofhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2016524118en_US
dc.rightsArticle is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use.en_US
dc.sourcePNASen_US
dc.titlePhotosynthesis-assisted remodeling of three-dimensional printed structuresen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
dc.identifier.citationYu, Kunhao, Feng, Zhangzhengrong, Du, Haixu, Xin, An, Lee, Kyung Hoon et al. 2021. "Photosynthesis-assisted remodeling of three-dimensional printed structures." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 118 (3).en_US
dc.contributor.departmentMassachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Mechanical Engineering
dc.relation.journalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciencesen_US
dc.eprint.versionFinal published versionen_US
dc.type.urihttp://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticleen_US
eprint.statushttp://purl.org/eprint/status/PeerRevieweden_US
dc.date.updated2021-12-17T19:22:16Z
dspace.orderedauthorsYu, K; Feng, Z; Du, H; Xin, A; Lee, KH; Li, K; Su, Y; Wang, Q; Fang, NX; Daraio, Cen_US
dspace.date.submission2021-12-17T19:22:18Z
mit.journal.volume118en_US
mit.journal.issue3en_US
mit.licensePUBLISHER_POLICY
mit.metadata.statusAuthority Work Neededen_US


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