The phase-2 particle x-ray temporal diagnostic for simultaneous measurement of multiple x-ray and nuclear emission histories from OMEGA implosions (invited)

Abstract

<jats:p> Electron-temperature (T<jats:sub> e</jats:sub>) measurements in implosions provide valuable diagnostic information, as T<jats:sub> e</jats:sub> is negligibly affected by residual flows and other non-thermal effects unlike ion-temperature inferred from a fusion product spectrum. In OMEGA cryogenic implosions, measurement of T<jats:sub> e</jats:sub>(t) can be used to investigate effects related to time-resolved hot-spot energy balance. The newly implemented phase-2 Particle X-ray Temporal Diagnostic (PXTD) utilizes four fast-rise (∼15 ps) scintillator-channels with distinct x-ray filtering. Titanium and stepped aluminum filtering were chosen to maximize detector sensitivity in the 10–20 keV range, as it has been shown that these x rays have similar density and temperature weighting to the emitted deuterium–tritium fusion neutrons (DTn) from OMEGA Cryo-DT implosions. High quality data have been collected from warm implosions at OMEGA. These data have been used to infer spatially integrated T<jats:sub> e</jats:sub>(t) with &lt;10% uncertainty at peak emission. Nuclear and x-ray emission histories are measured with 10 ps relative timing uncertainty for x rays and DTn and 12 ps for x rays and deuterium-[Formula: see text] protons (D<jats:sup>3</jats:sup>Hep). A future upgrade to the system will enable spatially integrated T<jats:sub> e</jats:sub>(t) with 40 ps time-resolution from cryogenic DT implosions. </jats:p>