A Self-Directed, Home-Like XR System for Sustained Intangible Cultural Heritage Practice: An Ikebana Case Study

Abstract

Sustained Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH) practices for novices depend more on curiosity and creative agency than on procedural training. Yet, most extended reality (XR) systems for ICH emphasize guided instruction or exhibitions, limiting self-direction and continuity beyond the device. Using Ikebana as a case study, we present a self-directed, home-like virtual reality (VR) experience built with 3D Gaussian Splatting (3D GS) and natural hand tracking, complemented by an augmented reality (AR) revisiting feature that exports creations for real-world placement and sharing. In a study with 11 novices, pre-post questionnaires showed gains in interest, likelihood to continue offline, and understanding (p ≤.01). Interviews indicated that domestic realism reduced intimidation, natural gestures supported immersion, and AR revisiting extended reflection and engagement. We contribute (1) a home-like, self-directed XR design for ICH practice and (2) evidence that approachability, autonomy, and cross-reality continuity enhance motivation beyond the virtual world.