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Ratios of Fluctuation Observables in the Search for the QCD Critical Point

Author(s)
Athanasiou, Christiana; Rajagopal, Krishna; Stephanov, Misha
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Abstract
The QCD critical point can be found in heavy ion collision experiments via the non-monotonic behavior of many fluctuation observables as a function of the collision energy. The event-by-event fluctuations of various particle multiplicities are enhanced in those collisions that freeze out near the critical point. Higher, non-Gaussian, moments of the event-by-event distributions of such observables are particularly sensitive to critical fluctuations, since their magnitude depends on the critical correlation length to a high power. We present quantitative estimates of the contribution of critical fluctuations to the third and fourth moments of the pion and proton, as well as estimates of various measures of pion-proton correlations, all as a function of the same five non-universal parameters. We show how to use nontrivial but parameter independent ratios among these more than a dozen fluctuation observables to discover the critical point. We also construct ratios that, if the critical point is found, can be used to overconstrain the values of the non-universal parameters.
Date issued
2011-02
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/71828
Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics
Journal
Journal of Physics: Conference Series
Publisher
IOP Publishing
Citation
Athanasiou, Christiana, Krishna Rajagopal, and Misha Stephanov. “Ratios of Fluctuation Observables in the Search for the QCD Critical Point.” Journal of Physics: Conference Series 270 (2011): 012051.
Version: Author's final manuscript
ISSN
1742-6588
1742-6596

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