Hyperentanglement-Enabled Direct Characterization of Quantum Dynamics

Abstract

We use hyperentangled photons to experimentally implement an entanglement-assisted quantum process tomography technique known as direct characterization of quantum dynamics. Specifically, hyperentanglement-assisted Bell-state analysis enabled us to characterize a variety of single-qubit quantum processes using far fewer experimental configurations than are required by standard quantum process tomography. Furthermore, we demonstrate how known errors in Bell-state measurement may be compensated for in the data analysis. Using these techniques, we have obtained single-qubit process fidelities over 98% but with one-third the number of experimental configurations required for standard quantum process tomography. Extensions of these techniques to multiqubit quantum processes are discussed.