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Multidimensional analysis of the frequencies and rates of cytokine secretion from single cells by quantitative microengraving

Author(s)
Han, Qing; Bradshaw, Elizabeth M.; Nilsson, Bjorn; Hafler, David A.; Love, J. Christopher; Nilsson, Bjorn; ... Show more Show less
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Abstract
The large diversity of cells that comprise the human immune system requires methods that can resolve the individual contributions of specific subsets to an immunological response. Microengraving is process that uses a dense, elastomeric array of microwells to generate microarrays of proteins secreted from large numbers of individual live cells ([similar]10⁴–10⁵ cells/assay). In this paper, we describe an approach based on this technology to quantify the rates of secretion from single immune cells. Numerical simulations of the microengraving process indicated an operating regime between 30 min–4 h that permits quantitative analysis of the rates of secretion. Through experimental validation, we demonstrate that microengraving can provide quantitative measurements of both the frequencies and the distribution in rates of secretion for up to four cytokines simultaneously released from individual viable primary immune cells. The experimental limits of detection ranged from 0.5 to 4 molecules/s for IL-6, IL-17, IFNγ, IL-2, and TNFα. These multidimensional measures resolve the number and intensities of responses by cells exposed to stimuli with greater sensitivity than single-parameter assays for cytokine release. We show that cells from different donors exhibit distinct responses based on both the frequency and magnitude of cytokine secretion when stimulated under different activating conditions. Primary T cells with specific profiles of secretion can also be recovered after microengraving for subsequent expansion in vitro. These examples demonstrate the utility of quantitative, multidimensional profiles of single cells for analyzing the diversity and dynamics of immune responses in vitro and for identifying rare cells from clinical samples.
Date issued
2010-04
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/79379
Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Chemical Engineering
Journal
Lab on a Chip
Publisher
Royal Society of Chemistry
Citation
Han, Qing, Elizabeth M. Bradshaw, Björn Nilsson, David A. Hafler, and J. Christopher Love. Multidimensional Analysis of the Frequencies and Rates of Cytokine Secretion from Single Cells by Quantitative Microengraving. Lab on a Chip 10, no. 11 (2010): 1391.
Version: Author's final manuscript
ISSN
1473-0197
1473-0189

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