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Coded time of flight cameras: sparse deconvolution to address multipath interference and recover time profiles

Author(s)
Kadambi, Achuta; Whyte, Refael; Bhandari, Ayush; Streeter, Lee; Barsi, Christopher; Dorrington, Adrian; Raskar, Ramesh; ... Show more Show less
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Abstract
Time of flight cameras produce real-time range maps at a relatively low cost using continuous wave amplitude modulation and demodulation. However, they are geared to measure range (or phase) for a single reflected bounce of light and suffer from systematic errors due to multipath interference. We re-purpose the conventional time of flight device for a new goal: to recover per-pixel sparse time profiles expressed as a sequence of impulses. With this modification, we show that we can not only address multipath interference but also enable new applications such as recovering depth of near-transparent surfaces, looking through diffusers and creating time-profile movies of sweeping light. Our key idea is to formulate the forward amplitude modulated light propagation as a convolution with custom codes, record samples by introducing a simple sequence of electronic time delays, and perform sparse deconvolution to recover sequences of Diracs that correspond to multipath returns. Applications to computer vision include ranging of near-transparent objects and subsurface imaging through diffusers. Our low cost prototype may lead to new insights regarding forward and inverse problems in light transport.
Date issued
2013-11
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/92466
Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Media Laboratory; Program in Media Arts and Sciences (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)
Journal
ACM Transactions on Graphics
Publisher
Association for Computing Machinery
Citation
Kadambi, Achuta, Refael Whyte, Ayush Bhandari, Lee Streeter, Christopher Barsi, Adrian Dorrington, and Ramesh Raskar. “Coded Time of Flight Cameras.” ACM Transactions on Graphics 32, no. 6 (November 1, 2013): 1–10.
Version: Author's final manuscript
ISSN
07300301

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